混種雛菊和紫花地丁對(duì)白車(chē)軸草鉛富集的影響

朱紅霞

摘 要：通過(guò)盆栽試驗(yàn)，將雛菊、紫花地丁分別與白車(chē)軸草混種，研究不同混種方式對(duì)白車(chē)軸草鉛富集的影響。結(jié)果表明：與白車(chē)軸草單種相比，混種雛菊提高了白車(chē)軸草根系生物量，混種紫花地丁降低了白車(chē)軸的草根系生物量，而混種雛菊、紫花地丁均降低了白車(chē)軸的草地上部分生物量；混種紫花地丁提高了白車(chē)軸的草根系鉛含量和地上部分鉛含量，分別較白車(chē)軸草單種提高了21.26%和50.34%；而混種雛菊降低了白車(chē)軸草根的系鉛含量和地上部分鉛含量，分別較白車(chē)軸草單種降低了3.61%和15.85%。白車(chē)軸草混種紫花地丁的富集系數(shù)和轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)系數(shù)最大，分別為0.32和0.57。由此可見(jiàn)，白車(chē)軸草混種種紫花地丁的鉛富集及提取效果最好。

關(guān)鍵詞：混種；白車(chē)軸草；雛菊；紫花地丁；鉛富集

中圖分類(lèi)號(hào) S688 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A 文章編號(hào) 1007-7731（2018）21-0091-02

Effects of Intercropping with Bellis perennis and Viola yedoensis on Pb Enrichment of Trifolium repens

Zhu Hongxia

（College of Science and Technology，Xinxiang University，Xinxiang 453003，China）

Abstract：Bellis perennis and Viola yedoensis were intercropped with Trifolium repens respectively to study the influence of different intercropping combinations on the Pb enrichment.The results showed that：intercropping with Bellis perennis improved the root biomass of Trifolium repens，and intercropping with Viola yedoensis reduced the root biomass of Trifolium repens.By intercropping with Bellis perennis and Viola yedoensis，the shoots biomass of Trifolium repens increased，intercropped with Viola yedoensis the lead contents in shoots and root improved by 21.26% and 50.34%.However，intercropped with Bellis perennis increased by 3.61% and 15.85%.In plot experiment intercropped with Viola yedoensis the enrichment coefficient and transfer coefficient was highest of all intercropping patterns，which reached up to 0.32and 0.57.Therefore，the Trifolium repens intercropping with Viola yedoensis was performed the best.

Key words：Intercropping；Trifolium repens；Bellis perennis；Viola yedoensis；Pb enrichment

含鉛礦產(chǎn)資源的開(kāi)發(fā)會(huì)造成土壤重金屬鎘污染。植物修復(fù)技術(shù)具有可在污染地原位進(jìn)行、成本低等特點(diǎn)[1-2]。植物混種時(shí)，土壤中的重金屬離子能形成可溶性絡(luò)合物，進(jìn)而降低重金屬毒性，減輕其危害[3-4]。目前對(duì)混種植物體重金屬積累還少有報(bào)道。因此，本研究將白車(chē)軸草分別混種雛菊、紫花地丁，研究其對(duì)鉛富集的影響，以期能夠篩選出提高白車(chē)軸草修復(fù)效率的最優(yōu)混種方式。

1 材料與方法

1.1 供試材料 3種植物種子購(gòu)自新鄉(xiāng)花卉市場(chǎng)，在新鄉(xiāng)學(xué)院花卉基地育苗。

1.2 試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì) 礦土全鉛含量為708.5mg·kg-1。2017年9月，將所取礦土除雜風(fēng)干，用23.6cm×17.5cm的花盆裝土3kg，選取長(zhǎng)勢(shì)好的幼苗移栽。……