田小海 崔洪艷 王莘
摘 要:目的:探索優化異丙醇法從活性干酵母中提取超氧化物歧化酶的最佳工藝條件。方法:通過L9(34)正交試驗設計,確定異丙醇濃度、攪拌時間、1次丙酮沉淀體積、2次丙酮沉淀體積對超氧化物歧化酶提取效果的影響,并采用鄰苯三酚自氧化法測定超氧化物歧化酶的活性。結果:最佳工藝條件:異丙醇濃度85%、攪拌時間16h、1次丙酮沉淀體積比(丙酮:粗提液)為0.8、2次丙酮沉淀體積比(丙酮:粗提液)為0.9,所得酶活性為810.00U/g,比活力為3240.00U/mg。結論:通過試驗研究,改善了現有的異丙醇法從活性干酵母提取超氧化物歧化酶的工藝條件,減少了原料的消耗,節省了時間和能源。
關鍵詞:活性干酵母;超氧化物歧化酶;提取工藝
中圖分類號 TS201.3 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 1007-7731(2018)21-0029-03
Study on Optimization of Extraction of Superoxide Dismutase by Isopropanol
Tian Xiaohai et al.
Abstract:Objective:Optimization of the best conditions for extraction of superoxide dismutase from active dried yeast by isopropanol.Method:The effects of isopropanol concentration,stirring time,primary acetone precipitation volume and secondary acetone precipitation volume on the extraction effect of superoxide dismutase were determined by the orthogonal test design of L9(34).The activity of superoxide dismutase was determined by the autooxidation method of catechol.Result:Best process conditions:85% isopropanol concentration,16 H stirring time,first acetone precipitation volume ratio(acetone:crude extract)of 0.8,second acetone precipitation volume ratio(acetone:crude extract)of 0.9,the resulting enzyme activity is 810.00U/g,The specific activity is 340.00 U/mg.Conclusion:Best process conditions:85% isopropanol concentration,16 H stirring time,first acetone precipitation volume ratio(acetone:crude extract)of 0.7,second acetone precipitation volume ratio(acetone:crude extract)of 0.9,the resulting enzyme activity is 810.00U/g,The specific activity is 3240.00 U/mg. Conclusion:The present process of extraction of superoxide dismutase from active dry yeast by isopropanol was improved,which reduced the consumption of raw materials and saved time and energy.
Key words:Active dry yeast;Superoxide dismutase;The extraction process
超氧化物歧化酶又名肝蛋白,能專一地清除生物氧化過程中產生的超氧陰離子自由基并減少和阻止脂質的過氧化反應、延緩機體衰老,在生物體中具有重要功能[1,2]。目前,超氧化物歧化酶的主要來源是從牲畜動物血中提取,其安全性及質量均不穩定,且原料來源受到很大的限制[3]。隨著發酵工業的發展,到了20世紀80年代后期,美國和日本先后利用發酵法生產超氧化物歧化酶,雖然大大降低了生產成本,但也存在著提取工藝復雜的問題。目前國內一些實驗室研究利用酵母菌提取超氧化物歧化酶,酵母菌生產超氧化物歧化酶具有繁殖快、代謝時間短、產率高、易培養、易規模化生產、不受季節與自然條件的限制等優點[4]。……