許靜儀 彭文情 劉旭強 吳娟 何家佳 李水清
摘要:以對氯苯甲酸、甲醇、水合肼及氯代苯甲醛為原料,設計合成了鄰氯苯甲醛對氯苯甲酰腙、對氯苯甲醛對氯苯甲酰腙和2,4-二氯苯甲醛對氯苯甲酰腙。利用元素分析、核磁共振氫譜及紅外光譜對目標化合物進行了結構表征。以菜粉蝶5齡幼蟲為試蟲,研究3個目標化合物的生物活性。結果表明,合成的3個芳香酰腙類席夫堿化合物都具有一定的殺蟲活性,其中,尤以2,4-二氯苯甲醛對氯苯甲酰腙的觸殺活性和胃毒活性最強。
關鍵詞:酰腙;席夫堿;合成;生物活性
中圖分類號:TQ453;O621.2 文獻標識碼:A
文章編號:0439-8114(2018)14-0064-03
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.14.015 開放科學(資源服務)標識碼(OSID):
Abstract: Taking p-chlorobenzoic acid,methanol,hydrazine hydrate and chlorinated benzaldehyde as materials,three new aromatic acylhydrazone schiff base compounds,namely o-chlorobenzaldehyde p-chlorobenzoyl hydrazone,p-chlorobenzaldehyde p-chlorobenzoyl hydrazone and 2,4-chlorobenzaldehyde p-chlorobenzoyl hydrazone were designed and synthesized. The structures of target molecules were confirmed by elemental analysis,H1 NMR and the infrared spectrum. Taking 5 instar larvae of Pieris rapae as test insects,the insecticidal activities of target compounds were tested in lab. The results showed that three aromatic acylhydrazone schiff base compounds had insecticidal activities against 5 instar larvae of P. rapae. Among three target compounds,2,4-chlorobenzaldehyde p-chlorobenzoyl hydrazone showed the strongest contact toxicity and stomach toxicity.
Key words: acylhydrazone; schiff base; synthesis; biological activities
酰腙類化合物是由醛或酮與酰肼縮合而形成的產物,是一類特殊的席夫堿,分子結構中含有Schiff堿基(-CH=N)與酰胺鍵(-CONH-)。通過對醛、酮和酰基的選擇可以設計合成多種酰腙席夫堿化合物。其分子中含有氧原子和氮原子,可以參與生物體中氫鍵的形成,增加酰腙席夫堿化合物與受體間的親和力,與受體蛋白質結合,進而抑制生物體的諸多生理生化過程[1]。酰腙席夫堿化合物-O=C-NH-N=C-片段中的次氨基與羰基和亞胺基存在p-π共軛作用,不僅使此類化合物的穩定性增強,且該片段與芳環能形成更大的共軛體系,增加了分子內電子的流動性[2]。酰腙席夫堿化合物結構上的特點賦予該類化合物許多特殊性質。國內外學者研究表明,酰腙席夫堿化合物具有殺蟲[3,4]、抑菌[5-7]、消炎[8]、抗腫瘤活性[9,10]。
鹵原子能有效改善化合物的生物活性[11,12]。……