農(nóng)戶尺度距離因素對(duì)農(nóng)村居民增收的影響

林穎超 胡偉艷 劉恬 左成超

摘要：建立農(nóng)戶尺度的空間計(jì)量模型和OLS回歸模型，利用武漢市郊區(qū)763戶農(nóng)村家庭的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)，對(duì)農(nóng)村居民收入的距離效應(yīng)進(jìn)行實(shí)證研究。結(jié)果表明，①研究區(qū)農(nóng)村居民收入存在相對(duì)顯著的空間相關(guān)性，采用空間計(jì)量模型較優(yōu)于OLS回歸模型，但空間溢出效應(yīng)比較小。②距離因素對(duì)農(nóng)村居民收入的影響存在差異，其中農(nóng)村居民家庭所在地與區(qū)政府的距離對(duì)農(nóng)村居民收入的影響顯著為正，與最近鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)中心的距離效應(yīng)顯著為負(fù)，而與首位城市中心的距離效應(yīng)為正，統(tǒng)計(jì)上差異不顯著。在宏觀層次，應(yīng)繼續(xù)增強(qiáng)首位城市的輻射作用，差異化實(shí)施就地城鎮(zhèn)化；在微觀層次，應(yīng)營造農(nóng)村公共空間，提高教育培訓(xùn)水平，并且加強(qiáng)村民之間的溝通交流，持續(xù)增加農(nóng)村居民收入。

關(guān)鍵詞：農(nóng)村居民收入；空間計(jì)量模型；距離效應(yīng)；農(nóng)戶尺度；就地城鎮(zhèn)化

中圖分類號(hào)：F061.5；F320.3 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A

文章編號(hào)：0439-8114（2018）14-0128-05

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.14.031 開放科學(xué)（資源服務(wù)）標(biāo)識(shí)碼（OSID）：

Abstract： The purpose of this paper is to test distance effects of rural residents income in suburbs of Wuhan city at the farmers level. Spatial Econometric Model and OLS regression model is employed. The results are as follows：①There is some spatial auto-correlation in the rural residents income in the study area. Spatial econometric model is better than OLS regression model， but spatial spillover effect is relatively small. ②The influence of different distance factor types on the rural residents income is different. Among them， The distance between the location of the rural residents and the distance from district government has a positive effect on the rural residents income， and the distance effect from the center of the nearest township is significantly negative. The distance effect from the center of the first rank of cities is positive， but it is not statistically significant. We suggest that rural residents income would be increased， at the macro level， by strengthening the spillover effect of the development of the first rank of cities， and differentiating the implementation of local urbanization. At the micro level， by creating rural public space to strengthen cooperation between the villagers communication and improving the level of education and training.

Key words： rural residents income； spatial econometric model； distance effect； farmers level； local urbanization

中國社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的新常態(tài)下，農(nóng)村居民收入不高，村民之間、城鄉(xiāng)之間和地區(qū)之間收入差距不斷擴(kuò)大，迫切需要拓寬農(nóng)民增收新渠道，挖掘農(nóng)民增收新潛力，培育農(nóng)民增收新動(dòng)能。黨中央高度重視農(nóng)村農(nóng)民收入的增加，連續(xù)15年的中央一號(hào)文件將增加農(nóng)民收入作為“三農(nóng)”工作的中心任務(wù)，2018年政府工作報(bào)告提議“健全城鄉(xiāng)融合發(fā)展體制機(jī)制，多渠道增加農(nóng)民收入”，黨的十九大報(bào)告首次提出鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略。由此可見，農(nóng)村居民收入增收研究具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。……