Literature Review Concerning the Research of Chinese Higher Education： Take Refined Egoism Symptom for Example

【Abstract】This essay summarizes and analyzes the research of recent decade about Chinas higher education， focusing on the refined egoism symptom that has been gradually revealed today. It reviews the origin and development of this symptom and further notes that previous studies are mostly from the perspective of attaching importance to the causes and features of the phenomenon， but rarely do research on the feasibility of possible solutions.

【Key words】refined egoism； higher education； origin； development； solutions

【作者簡介】康瑩瑩，西北農(nóng)林科技大學。

I. Introduction

Chinese education has been aimed at cultivating the individuals humanity and preparing future citizens with highly social responsibilities. However， the refined egoism symptom that has been emerged especially in Chinese higher education during the recent years deviated from the original notions of education and gradually aroused wide public concern.

II. Origin

The refined egoism symptom has been gradually emerged during the past decade. However， the explicit term “refined egoism” was first put forward by Peking University professor， Qian Liqun in 2012 at a workshop on the ideal university. He pointed out that our college， especially those foremost institutions like PKU and THU were culturing a group of students who are characterized by their sophistication， selfishness， myopia and changeability， also been called as “refined egoists”.

III. Development

3.1 Causes of Refined Egoism Symptom

3.1.1 Effect of Social trend

With the globalization of economy， the development of science and technology and the popularization of internet， Chinese young generation have been affected more or less by the Western culture， of which the core is individualism. Moreover， the several successful cases of people who took a shortcut or won by unfair play and indecency were broadcasted and spread， distorting the fairness and justice that the society has been carried on， reshaping the moral values in peoples minds， and creating a much more impetuous social atmosphere.

3.1.2 Commitment of Corruption in College

Extensive administration on university management system has become a main barrier to preventing college teachers from fully exerting their academic power and completely enjoying academic freedom.

3.1.3 Utilitarianism of Education

The ultimate and only goal of education has transformed to employment. Although the idea itself cant be categorized as wrong in every sense of the word， but students tend to place much attention on the employment， instead of the moral values and the capability of appreciating arts that consisted in the significance of education.

3.2 Characteristics of Refined Egoists

3.2.1 Sophisticated

Refined egoists are relatively excellent in intelligence quotation and emotional quotation. They would often seek and achieve their pursuits in an ulterior and inconspicuous way.

3.2.2 Selfish

Refined egoism has evolved from individualism， but existing in a more concealed form. In essence， no matter how sophisticated or exquisite they appear to be， their ultimate purposes are the same_to attain benefits.

3.2.3. Remorseless

In general， refined egoists are lack of social responsibilities and compassions for others while they are so wrapped up in reaching after fame and fortune. They no longer place attention on their responsibilities for the progress of society， nation， country and even the humankind.

IV. Summary

This essay has elaborately analyzed the development of the refined egoism in Chinas higher education during the recent decade. It gave a basic conclusion of the general standpoints on refined egoism symptom and added new arguments. According to the available data， its worth noting that rare solutions have been put forward， among which are mostly empty words and clichés that can hardly play proper roles in improving the status quo.

References：

[1]劉鐵芳，劉艷俠.精致的利己主義癥候及其超越：當代教育向著公共生活的復歸[J].高等教育研究，2012，12.