九龍灣觀光農業園區景觀生態設計

張仲琪 向東文

摘要：中國城市化進程加快促進了旅游的多元化發展，帶動了觀光農業園的興起。但由于觀光農業園興起時間較晚，且規劃定義尚未統一，導致各地觀光農業園景觀內容單一，缺乏特色，原始生態環境損毀嚴重，使得原本具有地域特色的生態環境受到破壞，園區內生物多樣性稀少。以觀光農業園景觀生態設計為出發點，以湖北省黃岡市團風縣九龍灣觀光度假農業園為案例，經過查閱景觀生態設計相關的文獻，比較觀光農業園景觀生態設計相關原則與理念，包括中國觀光農業園的發展歷程和生態設計的相關技術等，以綠色可持續發展原則、生態系統整合原則、適度開發原則為規劃基礎，試圖尋找出生態規劃模式并具有可操作性；從項目整體生態規劃到單項生態設計，探討了觀光農業園景觀生態設計的思路和方法。

關鍵詞：觀光農業；生態設計；規劃；九龍灣

中圖分類號：F590.75：TU985.12+8（634TF） 文獻標識碼：A

文章編號：0439-8114（2018）16-0070-05

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.16.016 開放科學（資源服務）標識碼（OSID）：

The Landscape Ecological Design of Jiulong Bay Sightseeing Agriculture Park

ZHANG Zhong-qi，XIANG Dong-wen

（China University of Geoscience，Wuhun 430074，China）

Abstract： The acceleration of China's urbanization process has promoted the diversified development of tourism and led to the rise of tourism agriculture parks. However，due to the late rise of the sightseeing agricultural park and the unrestricted planning definition，the landscape of the sightseeing agricultural parks in various places has single content，lack of characteristics；and the original ecological environment is seriously damaged，the biodiversity of the park is scarce，which has destroyed the ecological environment that originally had regional characteristics. Taking the landscape ecological design of the sightseeing agricultural park as the starting point，and the Jiulong Bay Sightseeing Holiday Agricultural Park in Tuanfeng county of Huanggang city as an example，after reviewing the literature related to the development process of the agricultural park and related technologies of ecological design，based on the principle of green sustainable development，the principle of ecosystem integration，and the principle of moderate development，an operational ecological planning model was try to established. The ideas and methods of the landscape ecological design of the sightseeing agricultural park are discussed from the overall ecological planning of the project to the single ecological design.

Key words： sightseeing agriculture； eco-design； planning； Jiulong Bay

觀光農業作為一種獨特的旅游項目，在景觀規劃設計過程中，一方面需要考慮當地農業資源的原生性與特色性，另一方面也要在景觀規劃的思想原則與理論基礎指導下進行，從而使得觀光農業景觀設計既有特色，又具有可持續發展能力[1]。

1 國內觀光農業現狀

中國的原生農業資源豐富、農業景觀多樣、產業基礎堅實，同時具有悠久的歷史文化和深厚的人文資源，這些都是發展觀光農業的有利條件?！?br>