富硒預混料的添加對雞群及雞蛋品質的影響

祝保林 魏光民 楊強

摘 要：采用新型的飼料配制方法，在3組海蘭褐殼蛋雞飼料中添加不同配比的海藻硒多糖和蛋氨酸硒等富含有機硒復合預混料，通過調整含硒復合預混料的配比，飼喂健康狀態良好的產蛋雞28d，對比不同種類的有機硒源復配飼料對富硒雞蛋含硒量的影響。結果表明，新型飼料短周期喂養后，在對蛋雞雞群母體無不良影響，并顯著改善了雞蛋品質，使蛋雞雞群的蛋殼增厚（增厚2.4%）、蛋黃色度提高（提高0.46%）、哈氏單位上升（上升5.6%）、蛋黃比率增大（增大3.44%）雞蛋中硒含量升高，含硒量在0.08～0.5mg/kg范圍內，比原始對照組雞蛋硒含量上升了4.8～6.0倍，平均提升5.6倍，符合國家食品衛生標準（GB2762-2005），硒主要富集在蛋黃內。新型飼料對蛋雞本身無不良影響，對蛋雞所產富硒雞蛋產品其他品質也無不良影響。

關鍵詞：含硒復合預混料；飼料配比；富硒雞蛋 ；硒含量

中圖分類號 S831.3 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 1007-7731（2018）13-0102-05

Abstract：With a new method of feed preparation，it was used to add different proportions of seaweed selenium polysaccharide and methionine selenium to the feed of three groups of Hailan brown shell laying hens，which were rich in organic selenium，and the ratio of selenium containing compound premix was adjusted by adjusting the content of selenium in the feed of three groups of Hailan brown shell laying hens.The healthy laying hens were fed for 28 days to compare the effects of different organic selenium sources on the selenium content of selenium-enriched eggs.According to the test results，the quality of eggs was significantly improved under the condition that the new feed had no adverse effect on the mother body of laying hens after short period feeding.The egg shell of hens was thickened（thickened by 2.4%），the ratio of egg yolk increased（3.44%），and the number of hardy units was increased（5.6%），the content of selenium in eggs was increased in the range of 0.08-0.5ppm，the content of selenium in eggs was 4.860 times higher than that in the original control group，and the average increase was 5.6 times.In accordance with the national food hygiene standard GB2762-2005，selenium is mainly enriched in egg yolk.The new feed had no adverse effect on the laying hens themselves，and had no adverse effect on the other quality of the selenium-rich egg products produced by the laying hens.

Key words：Se；Selenium compound premixture；Feed ratio；Selenium enriched eggs；Selenium content

硒是人類和其他動物所必需的微量元素，對人體生命活動起著重要的作用，是多種酶蛋白的必需元素，如谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶（GDH-PX）、碘甲腺原氨酸脫碘酶等，以硒為活性中心的硒蛋白（如免疫球蛋白）已知的有25種[1]。硒缺乏會引起人體多種疾病，主要有克山病、冠心病、高血壓、心肌梗塞、老年性癡呆、大骨節病、糖尿病、肝硬化、肝壞死、癌癥等[2-3]。人們通過補硒可以達到提高機體免疫功能，抗病能力，延緩衰老的目的[4]。

據文獻報道，我國是一個既有豐富硒資源，又存在大面積硒資源缺乏的地區，在這些硒缺乏地區的糧食作物、畜禽肉、蛋食品中硒含量也相對缺乏[5]。……