正交設(shè)計(jì)法優(yōu)化木瓜果實(shí)多糖提取工藝

陳向陽(yáng) 王恒 劉勤

摘 要：通過(guò)熱水浸提法和醇沉法對(duì)木瓜果實(shí)的多糖進(jìn)行提取，探討熱水提取溫度、料液比、熱水提取時(shí)間以及醇沉?xí)r乙醇濃度4個(gè)因素對(duì)木瓜果實(shí)多糖提取的影響，并以多糖含量為指標(biāo)，蒽酮-硫酸比色法為測(cè)定方法，采用正交試驗(yàn)法確定木瓜果實(shí)多糖提取的最佳工藝條件。結(jié)果表明，提取溫度80℃，料液比1：60g/mL，提取時(shí)間60min，乙醇濃度80%，在此條件下多糖的提取率達(dá)到5.6%，工藝條件最佳，具有可行性和可靠性。

關(guān)鍵詞：木瓜；多糖提??；正交試驗(yàn)；蒽酮-硫酸比色法

中圖分類(lèi)號(hào) S661.6 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A 文章編號(hào) 1007-7731（2018）13-0018-03

Abstract：In this study，polysaccharides was isolated from papaya fruit by hot water extraction and alcohol deposit.In hot water extraction，extraction temperature，the ratio of material to solution，extraction time and the concentration of ethanol as the factors affecting extraction ratio were studied.The content of the polysaccharide was determinated by phenol sulfuric acid method.Orthogonal test was conducted to select the optimal conditions for the determination of polysaccharide from papaya fruit.The optimum conditions of papaya fruit were：the optimal temperature for 80℃ baptized mention，best liquid ratio for 1：60g/mL，best extraction time for 60 minutes，best ethanol concentration is 80%.Under these conditions，the extraction efficiency of polysaccharide was 5.6%.The feasibility and reliability of this optimum conditions were verified through experiments.The experiments had provided the strongest assurance on the study of polysaccharides content of Chaenomeles sinensis.

Key words：Papaya fruit；Extraction of polysaccharides；Orthogonal test；Anthrone-sulphuric acid colorimetry

1 引言

木瓜（Chaenomeles sinensis（Thouin）Koehne），又稱皺皮木瓜、貼梗海棠，屬薔薇科木瓜屬，主要產(chǎn)于山東、安徽、湖北等地[1]。木瓜具有多種功效，可以增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)，降低血壓，有一定作用腸胃，有效預(yù)防中暑[2]，改善腳氣問(wèn)題，治療風(fēng)濕病，還可以有效防治霍亂等疾病。木瓜含有許多有益于人體健康的成分，如維生素、糖類(lèi)、礦物質(zhì)、黃酮、蛋白酶類(lèi)、多種有機(jī)酸等，有很高的藥用價(jià)值和營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值[3]。

木瓜多糖（stauntonia chinensis polysaccharides，SCP）是從藥食兩用植物木瓜中分離提取的重要活性成分，研究表明SCP具有顯著的抗氧化活性，對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)性小鼠肝損傷有保護(hù)作用，而且木瓜多糖還能顯著降低血小板的聚集，起到抗凝血的作用[4-7]。當(dāng)前對(duì)多糖研究很多，但對(duì)木瓜多糖的提取工藝還缺乏系統(tǒng)的研究，本文通過(guò)熱水浸提法和醇沉法提取多維1號(hào)木瓜果實(shí)多糖，利用正交設(shè)計(jì)法優(yōu)化多維1號(hào)木瓜果實(shí)多糖的提取工藝，確定其多糖提取的最佳工藝條件，提高木瓜的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值和綜合開(kāi)發(fā)價(jià)值?！?br>