滿帥 龍華 熊新 李一民 劉霖璇



摘 要:目前對球員綜合能力的評價方法有TOPSIS法、灰色關聯分析法等,但當評價指標量多時,存在計算效率低等缺陷,同時有些評價指標并不是值越大越好,且會對最優排序和最劣排序造成影響。為求取最適合的算法、作出準確的NBA球員綜合能力評價,采用主成分分析法,以現役NBA聯盟中538名運動員的得分、助攻、三分命中率等13項指標為實例,進行評價方法研究。分析球員多方面能力,得出球員在各項成分中得分排名并計算出各項能力最強的前十名球員,與體育界分析結果進行比較,分析球員的強項和弱項。實驗結果表明,主成分分析能夠高效地將數據降維,表現各項數據之間關聯性,并且分析結果正確,適用于NBA球員綜合能力評價。
關鍵詞:主成分分析;NBA;球員綜合能力評價
DOI:10.11907/rjdk.172838
中圖分類號:TP391
文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1672-7800(2018)006-0185-05
Abstract:At present, the evaluation methods of the player′s comprehensive ability mainly include Topsis method, gray correlation analysis and so on. However, the calculation efficiency is low when the evaluation index is large; indicator magnitude has an impact on optimal scheduling and worst ranking while not all large evaluation indicators equal better performance. Aiming to find the most suitable algorithm to make accurate evaluation of NBA players′ comprehensive ability, we use the principal component analysis to research the evaluation method with 13 indicators involving 538 NBA league athletes′ scores, assists, three point rates and other performance as examples. We analyze the players′ ability in various aspects, calculate the final scores, and select the top ten players to compare with the official analysis of NBA; and then we analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the players. The experimental results show that the principal component analysis can reduce the data dimensionality, present the relationship between the performance of the data and the results are correct.Therefore, it is applicable in NBA players' comprehensive ability evaluation.
Key Words:principal component analysis; NBA; evaluation of players′ comprehensive ability
0 引言
籃球作為一種主流運動,受到廣大球迷(特別是大、中學生)的關注。NBA是世界男子籃球競技水平最高的聯賽,隨著人民生活水平的提高,以及通信技術的飛速發展,中國對NBA聯賽轉播力度加大,我國人民對NBA的關注越來越多,在王治郅、姚明、易建聯、周琦加入NBA后,由于其巨大的商業價值而受到了社會各界的關注。[1]
籃球運動員的綜合能力評價一直是聯盟、球隊管理高層和球迷非常關心的事情。聯盟每年都會頒發各種獎項,比如常規賽MVP、最佳新秀、進步最快球員、最佳防守球員等[2],這也是對球員素質的評價。最終……