英文摘要

BenefitdistributionofsoilandwaterconservationPPPprojectsbasedonrevisedShapleyvalue/RUAN Ruhua1,2, Liao Yue1,2(1. Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 2. Institute of Water Conservancy Economics, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

Abstract: According to the characteristics of positive externalities and public welfare of soil and water conservation projects, a model for estimating the benefits of soil and water conservation is established to calculate the total benefits of projects, which include the ecological, economic and social benefits. On this basis, the benefit distribution model is established based on the revised Shapley value considering the proportion of investment, risk sharing and contract execution. Finally, the feasibility of the improved Shapley value model is verified through an example. The results show that the benefit distribution base increases after consideration of the ecological and social benefits. The revised benefit distribution model measures the actual contribution of all the stakeholders. The distribution results are more reasonable and make the projects move towards Pareto optimality.

Keywords: benefit distribution; Shapley value; PPP project; soil and water conservation project

ShadowpriceofcarbonemissionsfromwastewatertreatmentinChina/ZHU Zhiming, WANG Qian, FU Lei (School of Business, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

Abstract: 10 listed companies in China with more than 170 wastewater treatment plants in 2016 are taken as cases to estimate the shadow price of carbon emissions in the process of wastewater treatment by using the parametric directional distance function approach. The market method is introduced to formulate the related policies for carbon emissions, and a method for the establishment of the carbon trading market and distribution of carbon emissions is provided so as to improve the efficiency of reducing carbon emissions in the wastewater treatment industry and to fully control the carbon emissions.

Keywords: wastewater treatment; carbon emission; directional distance function; shadow price

Comparisonandcasestudyofassessmentmethodsforwaterfootprints/REN Xiaojing1, BAI Xue2, LIU Dan1, HU Mengting2, WU Yue1, ZHANG Zhongguo1(1. Environmental Protection Research Institute of Light Industry, Beijing 100095, China; 2. China National Institute of Standardization, Beijing 100191, China)

Abstract: At present, two methods for assessment of water footprints are widely used. One is the water footprint network (WFN). The other is the life cycle assessment (LCA) proposed by the International Standard Organization (ISO). In this study, the similarities and differences in the definitions and evaluation processes, calculation methods and evaluation methods for the water footprints between the two methods are comparatively analyzed. On this basis, a certain dairy enterprise is selected as an example to explore the advantages and disadvantages and scopes in practical application of the two evaluation methods. The results show that the water footprints calculated by WFN focus on the volume, while that by LCA on the influence. Although the emphasis and expression forms of the results by the calculated methods are different, their calculation processes are interrelated. Their assessment results are basically consistent. This study may provide a scientific basis for guiding the researches on the evaluation of water footprints of industrial enterprises and realizing the sustainable management strategy of water resources in China.

Keywords: water footprint; water footprint network; life cycle

DynamicevolutionandcouplingcoordinationdegreeofportsandhinterlandinYangtzeRiverDelta/SONG Min, SHI Ting, WANG Qian (Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

Abstract: It is of great significance to clarify the evolution trend of hinterland of ports and to analyze the coupling coordination degree between ports and the hinterland in the Yangtze River Delta. The comprehensive index evaluation system for port system-hinterland system is quantified. For the three time nodes of 2006, 2011 and 2016, the influence intensities of major ports in the Yangtze River Delta are calculated using the Gauss plume model, and the hinterland area is divided. The coupling degree between the port system and the direct hinterland economic system is quantitatively analyzed by means of the coupling coordination model. The results show that the ports in the Yangtze River Delta exhibit a pattern of “one super-strong and multi strong”, and they develop in a multi-polar way, with Shanghai Port being the center. The hinterland of ports is generally stable and locally fluctuated, and the edge hinterland of Shanghai Port gradually shrinks. The comprehensive coordination degree between the ports and the hinterland has an increase trend, and that of Zhoushan Port in Ningbo is the highest.

Keywords: port hinterland; Gauss plume model; dynamic evolution; coupling coordination

PredictionandtargetofwateruseefficiencyinHainanProvince/SHI Xiaoxiao1,2, QIN Changhai2, WANG Ni1, ZHAO Yong2, HE Guohua2(1. State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China)

Abstract: According to the efficiency index proposed by the most stringent water resources management and the double control actions of total water consumption and intensity, the water consumptions per ten thousand Yuan GDP and per ten Yuan of added industrial values in Hainan Province are measured, and the probability of reaching the target of water use index is evaluated. The influence factors for water efficiency are analyzed. The time series method and the dynamic grey equal-dimensional model are used to predict the water use indices in 2020 and 2025, and the current annual indices are compared with the worldwide advanced ones. The results show that the water consumptions per ten thousand Yuan GDP and per ten thousand Yuan of added industrial values in 2020 decrease by 27.7% and 36.2% than those in the current year, respectively, and the national control target can be reached. The results may provide technical support for the implementation of the double control actions of total water consumption and intensity. Meanwhile they have reference values for the optimal allocation of water resources in Hainan Province.

Keywords: water consumption per ten thousand Yuan GDP; water consumption per ten thousand yuan of added industrial value; time series method; dynamic grey equal-dimensional model

DrivingeffectandspatiallinkageofvirtualwaterforgrainsinChina/XU Xin1, GE Yihu2(1. School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 2. Xinyi Water Conservancy Bureau of Xuzhou City of Jiangsu Province, Xinyi 221400, China)

Abstract: Taking the virtual water for grains in China as the main research object, the LMDI index decomposition method is employed to decompose the driving effect of water consumption for grain production, and a quantitative study is carried out from the four key drivers of demand structure, grain production, economic development and population. The geoda software is used to obtain the Moran index to analyze the spatial correlation of food water use and the impact of various driving effects among provinces. Based on this, some recommendations are proposed for the current status of China’s virtual water for grains.

Keywords: grain; virtual water; driving effect; exponential decomposition method

Farmer’sirrigationandfertilizationbehaviormodelbasedonwaterrighttransactionandcontrolofnon-pointsourcepollution/WANG Zhiyu1,2,SHAO Guangcheng1,2,YAO Junqi3(1. College of Agricultural Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Efficient Irrigation-Drainage and Agricultural Soil-Water Environment in Southern China, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210098, China; 3. Science and Technology Development Center of Rural Water Conservancy in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210029, China)

Abstract: By combining water right transaction with non-point source pollution control and considering the constraint conditions of planting area, agricultural water quota and pollutant concentration, a model for farmer’s irrigation and fertilization behavior is employed by using the marginal analysis method, and the influences of the water right transaction and non-point pollution control on farmers’ behavior are analyzed. The results show that the water consumption for irrigation is positively correlated to the price of crops and negatively related to that of transaction water and marginal irrigation cost. The application amount of fertilizer within a certain range is positively correlated to the price of crops, but it is negatively related to the marginal cost of fertilizer or marginal environmental cost. It is proved by the proposed model that the water market and water price policy will encourage the farmers to reduce water consumption for irrigation and to save water when the agricultural water quota can be transacted.

Keywords: water right transaction; pollution control; farmer’s irrigation and fertilization behavior; model

Reviewofpredictionofwater-savingpotentials/LIU Fan1,2, LI Yiyun1, LI Zewen1, MAO Yingchi1(1. College of Computer and Information, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 2. Nantong Ocean and Coastal Engineering Research Institute, Hohai University, Nantong 226300, China)

Abstract: The classification, principle, scope of application and research status of prediction methods for water-saving potentials in different fields are summarized so as to help researchers to select models more quickly for practical problems. The results show that the formula model-based methods have been widely used and are easy to operate with less data. However, their precisions are not high. The machine learning-based methods can be widely utilized with high precision although they require more data. In response to the existing problems in the prediction of water-saving potentials, the development trend is summarized and analyzed. In the future, some new technologies such as deep learning, big data will be introduced into the researches on the prediction of water-saving potentials according to different industries and regional characteristics. They will look forward to achieve refined water saving potential prediction. In addition, accelerating the application of Internet-based prediction of water-saving potential will realize the water-saving socialization services which integrate the functions such as data collection, processing, forecasting and publishing.

Keywords: prediction of water-saving potential; machine learning; deep learning; big data; internet; review

Causesforriskcouplingofwaterqualityaccicdentsinwatersupplysystem/CHENG Xin (Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

Abstract: From the perspective of the causes for water quality accidents in urban tap water production-supply system, firstly, the risk factors for water quality are identified, and their coupling relationship is analyzed from single, double and multiple factors. Secondly, the risk coupling degrees of 362 major urban water quality accidents occurred in China from 2008 to 2017 are measured by means of theN-Kmodel. The results show that the risk rate of water quality accidents increases with the increase of the coupling risk factors in the dynamic urban tap water production-supply system. The management factor is the internal cause for risks of water quality accidents, and the risk management is the key to avoid water quality risks. The environmental factors promote the occurrence of water quality accidents.

Keywords: tap water; water quality accident; risk coupling;N-Kmodel

Comprehensivecontrolmeasuresforsewagetreatmentinindustrialpark:casestudyofsewageplantofanindustrialpark/YANG Xiaoquan, QU Wei (Western District of Beijing Enterprises Water Group Limited, Beijing100102, China)

Abstract: By analyzing the water quality in the inlet and outlet of sewage treatment plant of an industrial park in West China, the present situation and existing problems in the sewage treatment plant are discussed. The results show that the operation of the sewage treatment plant is difficult because of the contradictions between comprehensive control and economic benefits, pollution treatment enterprises and government departments as well as costs and benefits of pollution treatment. A comprehensive control system is proposed, which includes an effective advanced hardware support system, scientific and reasonable drainage dispatching system, innovated development of operation management system, effective step charge system as well as powerful and effective supervision and inspection system as the core. The pollution problems should be treated from the all-round and multi-angle viewpoint. Accordingly, a practical sewage mode in accordance with the situation of the industrial park is explored from the aspects of system and mechanism.

Keywords: sewage plant of industrial park; comprehensive environmental control measure; drainage dispatching; step charge

ComprehensiveevaluationofcarryingcapacityofwaterresourcesinZhengzhouCity/WANG Han1, YU Wenxue1, JIA Yizhen2(1. School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 2. Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

Abstract: An evaluation index system is established based on 17 indices selected from four aspects of water resources, economy, society and ecological environment. The entropy weight method is used to determine the weights of the indices. The carrying capacity of water resources inZhengzhou City from 2007 to 2016 is comprehensively evaluated by using the TOPSIS model. The results show that: (1) During the sample period, the comprehensive evaluation value of carrying capacity of water resources in Zhengzhou City increases from 0.3336 to 0.7007, with a steadily rising trend, and the level of carrying capacity of water resources increases from “poor” to “better”. (2) The contribution of various subsystems to the comprehensive carrying capacity of water resources increases year by year. Among which, the ecological and environmental subsystems have the most contribution, while the contribution of the social subsystem is relatively stable, while the water resources subsystem has a fluctuating trend owing to the uneven spatial and temporal distribution of water resources in Zhengzhou.

Keywords: carrying capacity of water resources; entropy weight method; TOPSIS; Zhengzhou City

EvaluationofvaluesofecosystemservicesinwetlandofLuomaLake/CHEN Ruizhe1,2, MA Jun1,2(1. Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 2. Water Resources and Sustainable Development Research Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210098, China)

Abstract: For the case study of Luoma Lake, based on the analysis of the data from literatures, the main values of the ecosystem services in the wetland of Luoma Lake are evaluated by using the methods of the alternative market value, market value, shadow engineering and proportional conversion, which includes the ecological functions of material production, atmosphere regulation, water storage, water adjustment, water quality purification, habitats, leisure and entertainment and scientific researches. The results show that the total values of ecological services of the wetland in Luoma Lake are 1.79 billion Yuan per year, and those of the water storage function are the largest and are 33.74% of the total values, which is the core of the ecological services in the wetland of Luoma Lake. However, the values of the water purification function are the lowest, accounting for only 0.84% of the total values, which reflects the vulnerability of the ecosystem in Luoma Lake. The local authorities should attach importance to the protection of wetland ecosystem in Luoma Lake, especially the strict control of sewage discharge.

Keywords: ecosystem service; Luoma Lake; wetland

Monitoringandevaluationmethodsforlater-stagesupportprojectsofresettlementoflargeandmedium-sizedreservoirsinJiangsuProvince/JIN Jing1, LI Guilin2, PANG Yawei1, SHAO Zhenzhen3(1. Jiangsu Province Engineering Investigation and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Yangzhou 225002, China; 2. Water Resources Department of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210029, China; 3. Jiangsu Surveying and Design Institute of Water Resources Co., Ltd., Yangzhou 225127, China)

Abstract: Based on the implementation of later-stage support policies for resettlement of large and medium-sized reservoirs in Jiangsu Province, the methods for monitoring and evaluating the later-stage support projects of resettlement are discussed. According to the national and provincial support policies and the management standards of support projects, etc., the framework system and the management implementation process of the later-stage support projects in Jiangsu Province are investigated, and the problems in the implementation of these projects are summarized. In response to the existing or potential problems, the monitoring and evaluation methods for the later-stage projects are studied, and the relevant improvement schemes are proposed so as to promote the efficiency of monitoring and evaluation and to provide a more comprehensive and concrete basis for the rectification and improvement of problems in the later-stage support projects of resettlement of reservoirs.

Keywords: large and medium-sized reservoir; resettlement; later-stage support; Jiangsu Province