林偉君+馬力+劉蔚楠
摘 要 農(nóng)業(yè)科技扶貧在中國扶貧開發(fā)領(lǐng)域占有重要的地位,其收益卻相對(duì)較小。本文重點(diǎn)研究了廣東農(nóng)業(yè)科技扶貧的障礙性因素。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),技術(shù)增產(chǎn)增收效果不明顯,技術(shù)需要耗費(fèi)較多的人力、物力、財(cái)力,扶貧推廣方式不合理,自然資源有限,貧困戶兼業(yè)化現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重,組織化水平較低是制約廣東農(nóng)業(yè)科技扶貧的重要障礙性因素。為此,提出了選擇合適的新技術(shù),提高貧困人口的綜合素質(zhì),打造新型科技服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò),積極組建農(nóng)村專業(yè)合作社或?qū)I(yè)技術(shù)協(xié)會(huì)等對(duì)策,以期為提升農(nóng)業(yè)科技扶貧的實(shí)效提供參考。
關(guān)鍵詞 廣東 ;科技扶貧 ;障礙性因素
中圖分類號(hào) F320
Abstract Poverty alleviation through science and technology plays an important role in the field of poverty alleviation in China, but the benefit is relatively small. This paper focuses on the barrier factors of agricultural science and technology poverty alleviation in Guangdong province. The result showed that the benefit is low, technology needs cost more manpower, material resources and financial resources, the promotion of poverty alleviation is not reasonable, natural resources are limited, parttime farm is serious, organization is low, these are all important obstacle factors of Guangdong agricultural science and technology poverty alleviation. Therefore, in order to improve the actual effect, some suggestions are given, such as improving the overall quality of the poor population, building new service networks of science and technology, and actively setting up rural cooperatives or professional technical associations.
Key words Guangdong ; poverty alleviation through science and technology ; obstacle factor
實(shí)施農(nóng)業(yè)科技扶貧,加大對(duì)貧困地區(qū)科技項(xiàng)目引入和資金投入是實(shí)現(xiàn)精準(zhǔn)脫貧的重要途徑。相較于其他扶貧形式,農(nóng)業(yè)科技扶貧在實(shí)施過程中一直進(jìn)展緩慢,存在較多障礙。
目前,中國對(duì)扶貧障礙性因素研究主要針對(duì)金融精準(zhǔn)扶貧[1-3]、旅游扶貧[4]、電子商務(wù)扶貧[5]、政府與農(nóng)戶合作方面的障礙性因素[6]等進(jìn)行了初步分析,但農(nóng)業(yè)科技扶貧方面的研究并不多見。本文通過分析科技扶貧障礙性因素,提出相應(yīng)對(duì)策,以期更有效地提升科技扶貧實(shí)效。
1 數(shù)據(jù)來源與方法
1.1 數(shù)據(jù)來源
于2016年廣東江門地區(qū)入戶調(diào)查。
1.2 研究方法
由于貧困戶致貧因素、對(duì)科技扶貧的理解各不相同,大多對(duì)科技扶貧的障礙性因素理解比較片面。因此,本文主要以調(diào)查問卷和訪談形式,對(duì)科技扶貧進(jìn)行障礙性因素分析?!?br>