黃標+楊榮+夏李虹
摘 要 為提高保肥性和肥效,培肥地力,改良土壤生態環境,實現機械化精準平衡施肥,成功配制了有機與無機肥相結合兼加有益功能菌的配方顆粒肥,該配方肥經機械化邊施肥邊覆土試驗,比常規等價肥增產6.63 %,且每公頃降低作業成本2 400元以上,并促進劍麻標準化、規模化、機械化生產,提高生產效率,有利于循環經濟和劍麻產業持續發展,若該專用生物配方肥能添加較缺乏的中微肥,其效應更為突出,社會、生態及經濟效益會更顯著。
關鍵詞 劍麻園 ;專用生物配方肥 ;配制生產 ;試驗示范 ;推廣
中圖分類號 S563.8
Abstract In order to increase fertilizer effect and improve soil ecological environment and achieve mechanized precision balanced fertilization,the formula granular fertilizer was prepared. The formula fertilizer was mixed with organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer and beneficial bacteria. The experimental demonstration was carried on covering the soil while applying the formula fertilizer by machinery. The results show that the sisal production increases by 6.63% and the production costs reduce more than 2400 yuan per hectare in comparison with conventional equivalent fertilizer. As the formula fertilizer application and popularization,sisal standardized,large-scale,mechanized production will be promoted,and the production efficiency will be improved,and the circular economy and sisal industry will develop and sustain. If some deficient medium and micro fertilizer are added into the special formula bio-fertilizer,it can gain more prominent effects,and achieve more significant social,ecological and economic benefits.
Key words sisal plantation ; special formula bio-fertilizer ; preparation and production ; experimental demonstration ; popularization
2008年8月至2015年12月,在湛江農墾東方紅農場農科所,開展了H·11648麻(簡稱“劍麻”)成齡麻及中老齡麻“3414”NPK施肥試驗的技術研究。該農科所位于雷州半島南部名優基地,地處北緯20°23'29"-20°35'01",東經110°0'20"-110°10'14",其磚紅壤由玄武巖發育而成。在該基地上采用傳統方式種植劍麻后,通過研究其供肥能力、植株對養分吸收和肥料利用率等指標,發現這一種植方式,肥料利用率非常低、傳統人工施有機肥及化肥工效差、勞動強度大,嚴重影響了劍麻產業的持續發展。為此,本研究探討了研制生產劍麻專用有機無機(無機配比以測土配方為依據)生物配方顆粒肥(簡稱“劍麻專用生物配方肥”,下同),并試行應用推廣,以期實現測土配方精準施肥、機械化施肥[1],提升土壤保肥性,提高肥料利用率和植株抗逆性,降低作業成本,達到提高生產效率、減輕勞動強度的目的。
1 材料與方法……p>