程 飛
(華陸工程科技有限責任公司, 陜西 西安 710065)
地下鋼制管道陰極保護技術現狀與應用
程 飛
(華陸工程科技有限責任公司, 陜西 西安 710065)
針對地下鋼質管道腐蝕新情況、新問題,從延長油氣輸送管道的使用壽命角度出發,詳細分析鋼質管道腐蝕形態、腐蝕機理、防腐方案;以某地區埋地鋼質管道為例,主要采用陰極保護和防腐涂層聯動保護體系,是一種進行鋼制管道防腐的有效方法,并得到了犧牲陽極、強制電流和陽極井等陰極保護技術相應各項指標和要求,以及對陰極保護技術系統管理經驗,為類似的地下鋼質管道防腐提供了技術支持。同時通過介紹國內外陰極保護技術研究現狀,指出陰極保護與強電干擾軟件的開發將是我國現階段發展方向。
鋼質管道;陰極保護;現狀;應用
Abstract:The new situation and new problems of underground steel pipeline corrosion were researched. In order to prolong the service life of oil and gas pipeline, corrosion forms and corrosion mechanism of steel pipelines were analyzed as well as anti-corrosion ways. Taking buried steel pipeline in a certain area as an example, cathodic protection and anti-corrosion coating were mainly used to protect the pipeline system, and corresponding indicators and requirements of cathodic protection technology as well as management experiences were obtained, such as sacrificial anode, impressed current and so on. At the same time, research status of the cathodic protection technology at home and abroad was introduced, it's pointed out that the cathodic protection and high voltage interference software development will be the trend of development at the present stage in China.
Key words:Steel pipe; Cathodic protection; Present situation; Application
石油化工的迅猛發展,對管道工程提出了更高要求。根據相關數據統計,美國每年因管道腐蝕造成的經濟損失高達5 000億美元,英國和日本分別達到國民經濟總產值的 3.5%和 1.8%。我國每年因管道腐蝕而造成的經濟損失至少有2 000億元,石油金屬管道腐蝕給石油工業帶來了巨大的經濟損失,且環境污染較嚴重,直接威脅人們生活。因此,埋地管道防腐技術研究顯得尤為重要,不單單是一項技術問題,同時關系到國家資源以及環保等重大戰略問題。陰極保護與管道防腐涂層可形成立體保護體系[1-3],我國長輸管道和油田集輸管線大部分采用的是陰極保護技術,在防腐方面的應用比較廣泛,經驗比較豐富,。……