完形填空中的熟詞生義

何超+何云

縱觀歷年高考英語試卷，筆者發現常有“熟詞生義”現象出現。很多考生由于不懂這些熟詞的“新義”而出現思維堵塞，給他們造成了不應有的失分。下面筆者精選了歷年完形填空中一些具有代表性的名詞試題加以分析，以幫助考生熟悉其命題特點，從而跳出命題人設置的詞匯“陷阱”。

1. There it was， a white Ford. He saw the 45 ， LJR1939.（1997全國卷）

A. mark B. number C. sign D. name

析：B。number的熟義為“數字”，但在此題中意為“車牌號碼”。

2. A waiter appeared. He paused for just a second， walked into the water to set the table and take their 46 ， and then walked back to the loud cheers of the rest of his customers. （2006全國Ⅰ卷）

A. menu B. bill C. food D. order

析：D。order的熟義為“命令，順序”，但在此題中意為“（客人所寫的）點菜單”。而menu是給客人點菜時看的菜單。

3. He thought about what he could do. There was no 40

asking his parents， for he knew they had no money to spare. （2009北京卷）

A. point B. reason C. result D. right

析：A。point的熟義為“點”或“分數”，但在此題中意為“意義，價值”。

4. Bruce opened the door， and he and Jackson dragged the man out. The attacker fought back. But even in his cornered panic， he was no 51 for the two athletic men. （2008湖北卷）

A. match B. target C. equal D. companion

析：A。match的熟義為“比賽”，但在此題中意為“對手”。

5. He would make the 49 a twelve-year-old boy just like Lloyd. But who would be the pirate（海盜）？（2009全國Ⅰ卷）

A. star B. hero C. writer D. child

析：B。hero的熟義為“英雄”，但在此題中意為“（故事、小說或戲劇中的）男主角”。

6. I mastered the skills of that beginning level position and I was given the opportunity（機會） to move up through the company into different 31 . （2009全國Ⅱ卷）

A. situations B. choices C. directions D. positions

析：D。position的熟義為“位置，姿勢”，但在此題中意為“職位，職務”。

7. Now I donate any 45 I have to charity tins and enjoy the feeling of giving. （2010陜西卷）

A. work B. time C. energy D. change

析：D。change的熟義為“改變，變化”，但在此題中意為“零錢”。

8. I was just going to call the police for help， when I saw a strange 53 dressed in strange orange clothes.（2011遼寧卷）

A. figure B. actor C. man D. doll

析：A。figure的熟義為“數字”或“圖形”，但在此題中意為“人影”。

9. The Latino， trying to express friendship， will keep moving closer. The Norwegian， very probably seeing this as pushiness， will keep backing away—which the Latino will in return regard as

50 .（2012新課標卷）

A. weakness B. carelessness C. friendliness D. coldness

析：D。coldness的熟義為 “寒冷”， 但在此題中意為 “冷淡”。

10. She had returned to offer me a 53 to the hospital. （2012安徽卷）

A. lift B. suggestion C. bike D. Guidebook

析：A。lift的熟義為“電梯”，但在此題中意為“搭便車”。

11. I left Fredas house that day， wondering about the 53endprint

of my relationship with my clients（主顧）. Who am I to them？ As a matter of fact， Im merely an employee—the lowest kind of employee. But Im also a trusted member of the family. I cant help worrying about what happens around me.（2006浙江卷）

A. meaning B. nature C. result D. importance

析：B。nature的熟義為“自然”，但在此題中意為“本質，實質”。

12. Or perhaps youre interested in the literature， films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a 39 of the language. （2013安徽卷）

A. view B. knowledge C. form D. database

析：B。knowledge的熟義為“知識”，但在此題中意為“理解，知道”。

13. Dad， the life 35 I have learned from you will stay with me forever. You are my father， teacher， friend and， most importantly， my hero. （2013天津卷）

A. history B. motto C. patterns D. lessons

析：D。lesson的熟義為“課，功課”，但在此題中意為“經驗，教訓”。

14. His family was poor. His Dad couldnt afford the 38

at college， so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes.（2014江蘇卷）

A. training B. board C. teaching D. equipment

析：B。 board的熟義為 “木板”， 但在此題中意為 “膳食費”。

15. Days later， we made a（n） 23 —far below the asking price. Surprisingly， they didnt laugh at us. They renewed their offer instead. （2015天津卷）

A. effort B. offer C. promise D. profit

析：B。offer的熟義為“提供，提議”，但在此題中意為“報價，出價”。

責任編輯 蔣小青endprint