提燈女神南丁格爾

提燈女神南丁格爾

The Lady with the Lamp

大家知道嗎？我們?nèi)缃裨卺t(yī)院所享受到的全面細(xì)致的護(hù)理其實(shí)并非一直都存在。這一切，都要從一位善良的女士說起……

Florence Nightingale was a nurse who saved many lives in the 19thcentury. She was named after the city of Florence in Italy, where her parents went after they got married in 1818. Her family was rich and they had two homes in Britain.

Florence was an1)unusual young woman for her time, because she didn’t want to go to parties and get married. She wanted to be a nurse and help people. Her family didn’t want her to become a nurse because hospitals back then were dirty, horrible places.

In 1851, Florence went to Germany and learned all about nursing. It was hard work, but she loved it.

In 1854, lots of British soldiers went to fight in the Crimean War. Army hospitals were filled with injured men, but there were no nurses and many men died. Florence and a team of nurses went to help.

Florence worked 20 hours a day to make the hospital a cleaner and safer place. She brought fresh food, she cleaned the beds and she used clean2)bandages on the3)wounded soldiers. Soon, fewer men were dying.

At night, Florence talked to the injured soldiers and helped them to write letters to their families. They called her “the lady with the4)lamp”because she carried a lamp.

When Florence returned to England, people called her a5)heroine. Queen Victoria wrote her a letter to say thanks. She was given the Order of Merit, becoming the first woman to receive this honor.

弗洛倫斯·南丁格爾是一名護(hù)士，她在19世紀(jì)挽救了許多生命。她以意大利城市佛羅倫薩為名——她的父母在1818年結(jié)婚之后便遷到了這座城市。弗洛倫斯家境富裕，在英國(guó)擁有兩所房子。

然而，弗洛倫斯在那個(gè)時(shí)代是一個(gè)不尋常的年輕女子，因?yàn)樗⒉幌矚g參加派對(duì)，也不愿結(jié)婚成家。她一心想成為一名護(hù)士，幫助他人。可弗洛倫斯的家人并不希望她當(dāng)護(hù)士，因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)的醫(yī)院是個(gè)衛(wèi)生條件惡劣又可怕的地方。

1851年，弗洛倫斯前往德國(guó)全面學(xué)習(xí)護(hù)理知識(shí)。雖然求學(xué)之路非常艱辛，但她十分熱愛這份事業(yè)。

1854年，許多英國(guó)士兵參加克里米亞戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。軍隊(duì)醫(yī)院里滿是受傷的士兵，但卻沒有一個(gè)護(hù)士，許多人因無人護(hù)理而死去。弗洛倫斯和一個(gè)護(hù)士團(tuán)隊(duì)向醫(yī)院伸出了援助之手。

那時(shí)弗洛倫斯每天工作20小時(shí)，努力讓醫(yī)院變得更加干凈、安全。她帶來新鮮的食物、清理病床、用干凈的繃帶為受傷的士兵們包扎。不久，傷員的死亡率下降了。

夜晚，弗洛倫斯會(huì)和受傷的士兵們聊天，幫助他們給家人寫信。士兵們都稱她為“提燈女神”，因?yàn)樗偸翘嶂槐K燈。

當(dāng)弗洛倫斯回到英格蘭時(shí)，人們都稱她為女英雄。維多利亞女王親自寫信向她表達(dá)謝意。她被授予功績(jī)勛章，成為第一位獲此殊榮的女性。

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Crimean War（克里米亞戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)），在1853年10月20日因爭(zhēng)奪巴爾干半島的控制權(quán)而在歐洲大陸爆發(fā)的一場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，是拿破侖帝國(guó)崩潰以后規(guī)模最大的一次國(guó)際戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。奧斯曼帝國(guó)、英國(guó)、法國(guó)、撒丁王國(guó)等先后向俄羅斯帝國(guó)宣戰(zhàn)，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)一直持續(xù)到1856年才結(jié)束，以俄國(guó)的失敗而告終。

Order of Merit（英國(guó)功績(jī)勛章），一種英國(guó)和英聯(lián)邦勛章，由英國(guó)君主所頒贈(zèng)。勛章于1902年由英皇愛德華七世所創(chuàng)設(shè)，以嘉獎(jiǎng)在軍事、科學(xué)、藝術(shù)、文學(xué)或推廣文化方面有顯著成就的人士。功績(jī)勛章是一項(xiàng)很高的榮譽(yù)，雖然它有別于傳統(tǒng)的勛章，并不附帶任何頭銜，但不少人仍認(rèn)為它是現(xiàn)今地位最崇高且尚未被廢除的勛章。

1) unusual [?n'ju????l] adj. 與眾不同的

2) bandage ['b?nd?d?] n. 繃帶

3) wounded ['wu?nd?d] adj. 負(fù)傷的

4) lamp [l?mp] n. 燈

5) heroine ['her???n] n. 女英雄，女性杰出人物