中國—中東歐國家地方領導人會議·重慶2013首次讓“渝新歐”隆重展現在世界外交舞臺上

□ 文/本刊記者 曾睿

中國—中東歐國家地方領導人會議·重慶2013首次讓“渝新歐”隆重展現在世界外交舞臺上

□ 文/本刊記者 曾睿

“中國—中東歐國家地方領導人會議·重慶2013”開幕式。 攝影：李文科

今天，以發端于重慶的“渝新歐”鐵路班列為代表的中歐班列，往來于中國與歐洲以及“一帶一路”沿線各國，已經成為得到廣泛認同的“一帶一路”與“亞歐互聯互通”的代言詞之一。

殊不知，“渝新歐”的快速發展與在重慶召開的一次大型國際會議有著密切的關系。

2013年7月2日至4日，“中國—中東歐國家地方領導人會議·重慶2013”在重慶召開，這次重慶會議規模大、國別多、層次高，是繼AAPP會議，亞太城市市長峰會之后重慶舉辦的又一次大型國際會議，也是對外充分展示重慶直轄以來發展成績和發展前景的一個重要平臺和重要的窗口。羅馬尼亞總理蓬塔、馬其頓總理格魯埃夫斯基以及來自中國和中東歐16國的近70個省市代表、中央政府有關部門負責人及企業界人士等共計1000余人與會。

2013年的重慶，在對外開放方面已取得奪目的成就—已成功建設和運行了兩江新區、兩路寸灘保稅港區、西永綜保區，重慶市委市政府致力于建設西部的綜合交通樞紐，建設內陸的加工貿易新模式。但當時“渝新歐”國際貨運班列剛剛開通兩年，運輸班次、運輸價格等重要指標都還在摸索、調整之中，還不時能夠聽到對“渝新歐”的質疑之聲，遠沒有像今天這樣獲得充分肯定。但其能夠成功運行，還是得到了諸多方面的極大關注。此次中國—中東歐國家地方領導人會議第一次選取在主辦國首都以外的城市重慶舉行,應該說“渝新歐”增加了重要籌碼。

自然，積極推介“渝新歐”、合力打造“渝新歐”就成了本次會議的重要主題之一。在這次會議上，作為“中歐班列”起源的“渝新歐”國際貨運班列，被正式介紹給與會的中東歐各國各界人士，讓他們首次認識了可以通過“渝新歐”這條大通道，來推動中國和中東歐國家的貿易物流合作，進一步深化中國與歐洲的整體合作，更讓全世界看到了起源于中國內陸的這條鐵路班列擁有著現實的操作性與無限合作機遇。至此，“渝新歐”真正跨出山城，走向世界。

同時，與會嘉賓也對“渝新歐”這條國際大通道表現出了認知的濃厚興趣。會議期間，他們參觀了“渝新歐”的起點站團結村，聽介紹、看走向，紛紛琢磨如何與自己國家聯系起來。參會的時任斯洛伐克共和國駐華大使弗蘭季謝克·德霍波切克表示：通過“渝新歐”國際鐵路貨運班列，將極大地縮短重慶與中東歐國家之間貨物運送的時間，并帶來成本的降低。

正是在這次會議召開后，“渝新歐”得到了快速發展。自2011年“渝新歐”正式開通到2013年累計開行了79班，而在“中國—中東歐國家地方領導人會議·重慶2013”召開之后的2014年，一年之內就開行了130班，是此前3年開行班列的近兩倍，這一數字在2016年更是達到了420班。

2014年8月14日，中國鐵路總公司在重慶舉行了首屆中歐班列國內協調會議。來自重慶、成都、鄭州、武漢、蘇州、義烏等地政府和各地中歐班列平臺公司負責人參加了會議。會議頒布了《中歐班列組織管理暫行辦法》，簽署了《關于建立中歐班列國內運輸協調會備忘錄》，統一的“中歐班列”雛形初現；2016年6月，中國鐵路正式啟用中歐班列統一品牌。

2017年5月13日，2017年第1000列中歐班列滿載小商品、服裝等貨物從義烏西站鳴笛駛出。中國鐵路總公司統計顯示，2017年中歐班列開行數量較去年同期增長158％。

“中國—中東歐國家地方領導人會議·重慶2013”商務主題活動。攝影：李文科

(Photo by Li Wenke)

Today, the China Railway Express represented by “Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe” International Railway which is originated in Chongqing has been recognized widely as one of the words that could represent the Belt and Road and Asia-Europe Connectivity.The China Railway Express passages to and from China, Europe as well as countries along the Belt and Road.

Little do they know, there is a close relationship between the fast development of “Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe” and a large international conference held in Chongqing.

From July 2 to 4 in 2013, Chongqing held the fi rst Local Leaders’Meeting of China-CEEC, which was of large scale and high level.Many countries had attended this meeting. LLM of China-CEEC was a large international conference held in Chongqing after the AAPP and the Asian Pacific City Summit. It was also a key platform and window to fully demonstrate the results and future of development since the municipality of Chongqing. This conference was attended by more than 1000 people including Ponta, Prime Minister of Romania, Gruevski, the Macedonian Prime Minister,nearly 70 representatives of provinces and cities from both China and 16 CEECs and principals of relevant departments of the central government and business people.

In 2013, Chongqing had already made brilliant achievements in opening up, which include the construction and operation of Liangjiang New Area,LiangLuCunTan Free Trade Port Area, Xiyong Comprehensive Bonded Area, comprehensive transportation hub in west China built by Chongqing municipal government and the inland construction of new model of processing trade. However, at that time, as “Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe” International Railway was just launched for only two years,some important indicators like transportation schedules and costs were just under exploration and adjustment. Some doubts could still be heard and not like today, the international railway is fully recognized. Moreover, the successful operation has received great attention from many sides. It is the fi rst time for LLM of China-CEEC to choose a city like Chongqing instead of the capital city of a country due to the Chongqing-based “Chongiqng-Sinkuang-Europe” International Railway.

Naturally, one of the key themes of this conference was to actively promote and coconstruct “Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe”. During this conference, “Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe”International Railway, as the origin of “China Railway Express”, was formally introduced to the participants from CEECs. They came to know that the trade logistics cooperation between China and CEECs could be promoted and the overall cooperation deepened through this international railway. The whole world saw the practical operability and unlimited opportunities for cooperation owned by this railway originated in inland China. So far,“Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe” has truly stepped out of the mountain city and headed to the world.

At the same time, the participants also expressed a strong interest on this international railway. During which, they visited Tuanjie Village, the birthplace of “Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe”. Listening to the introduction and thinking about the future development, they were all pondering how to link up their own countries. Mr. Frantisek Hudak, the then Ambassador of the Republic of Slovakia to China said, the “Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe” International Railway could greatly shorten the transit time from Chongqing to CEECs and bring down the costs.

In fact, “Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe” has achieved great development after this international conference. Seventy-nine trains had been launched since its of fi cial launch from 2011 to 2013, whereas the number reached 130 after this international conference in 2014, nearly two times the previous 3 years. And this fi gure even reached 420 in 2016.

On August 14, 2014, China Railway held the first domestic cooperation meeting of China Railway Express in Chongqing. Principals from governments of Chongqing, Chengdu, Zhengzhou, Wuhan,Suzhou, Yiwu and etc. and the principals of each platform of China Railway Express had attended the meeting. “Interim measures of organization and management” was issued and “Memorandum on the establishment of a domestic transport coordination committee of China Railway Express”was signed during the meeting. The early prototype of united “China Railway Express” could then be seen; in June 2016, China railway of fi cially launched the uni fi ed brand of China Railway Express.

On May 13, 2017, the 1000th China Railway Express began to pull out of Yiwu West Railway Station fully loaded with small commodities,clothings and so on. The statistics of China Railway show that the number of trains of China Railway Express has soared by 158％ compared to the same time last year.

This International Conference Makes "Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe"Grandly Displayed on the Stage of World Diplomacy for the First Time

□ Article / journalist Zeng Rui

(Photo by Li Wenke)