葉文輝++楊婷
摘 要:在分析投貸聯(lián)動(dòng)模式和借鑒發(fā)達(dá)國家投貸聯(lián)動(dòng)實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合當(dāng)前國內(nèi)投貸聯(lián)動(dòng)試點(diǎn)過程中存在的障礙,提出應(yīng)通過完善頂層政策設(shè)計(jì),引導(dǎo)銀行建立與投貸聯(lián)動(dòng)相適應(yīng)的運(yùn)營和風(fēng)控機(jī)制,加強(qiáng)與外部投資機(jī)構(gòu)合作,成立中小科技創(chuàng)新企業(yè)股權(quán)投資基金等措施促進(jìn)投貸聯(lián)動(dòng)業(yè)務(wù)健康發(fā)展。
關(guān) 鍵 詞:投貸聯(lián)動(dòng);股權(quán)投資;科技創(chuàng)新企業(yè)
中圖分類號:F832.2 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A 文章編號:2096-2517(2017)03-0057-06
Study on the Operation Mode and Development Strategy of Commercial Banks Investment Loan Linkage
Ye Wenhui1, Yang Ting2
(1.The Peoples Bank of China Tongling Central Sub-branch, Tongling 244000, China;
2. The China Radio and Television Network Ltd., Beijing 100032, China)
Abstract: The paper analyzed the operating mode of investment loan linkage and referred to experience in developed countries. Then the paper proposed that commercial banks should be guided to establish operating and risk control mechanisms which are compatible to investment loan linkage, commercial banks should strengthen cooperation with external investment organizations and establish small and medium-sized science and technology innovation enterprises equity rights investment fund so as to promote sound development of investment loan linkage business.
Key words: investment loan linkage; equity investment; science and technology innovation enterprises
一、投貸聯(lián)動(dòng)試點(diǎn)的產(chǎn)生背景和基本情況
近年來,隨著“大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新”浪潮的涌起,國內(nèi)科技型、創(chuàng)新型企業(yè)迅猛發(fā)展。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),截至2016年底, 全國高新技術(shù)企業(yè)已突破10萬家,達(dá)到10.4萬家[1],其中,中小科技創(chuàng)新型企業(yè)成為“眾創(chuàng)” 浪潮中最為活躍的市場主體和高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的主力軍。 科技創(chuàng)新企業(yè)在迅猛發(fā)展的同時(shí),對現(xiàn)有銀行信貸結(jié)構(gòu)和模式也提出了挑戰(zhàn)。 一方面,與銀行傳統(tǒng)信貸中重企業(yè)資產(chǎn)、重抵質(zhì)押物的要求不同,科技創(chuàng)新企業(yè)具有輕資產(chǎn)、高成長性和高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的特征,這就使得現(xiàn)有銀行的信貸制度與科技創(chuàng)新企業(yè)發(fā)展模式、資產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)并不匹配,廣大科技創(chuàng)新企業(yè)由于無法提供有效抵質(zhì)押物,往往難以從銀行獲取貸款。另一方面,在利率市場化、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融的沖擊下, 傳統(tǒng)依靠利差的盈利模式難以為繼,國內(nèi)銀行業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)綜合化經(jīng)營步伐明顯加快,銀行參與股權(quán)投資的動(dòng)力明顯加強(qiáng)。正是在上述背景下,“股權(quán)+債權(quán)” 相結(jié)合的投貸聯(lián)動(dòng)模式引起各方廣泛關(guān)注。……