陳聆 杜海磊 李勇 程齊儉 陳中元 萬歡英
肺腺癌中CRP蛋白的表達及其預后意義
陳聆1杜海磊2李勇1程齊儉1陳中元2萬歡英1
目的 通過檢測肺腺癌患者腫瘤組織中CRP蛋白的表達量,探討CRP與肺腺癌患者術后復發及預后的相關性。方法 納入78例接受肺癌根治手術治療的肺腺癌患者(Ⅰb-Ⅲa期),所有患者術前均未行新輔助化療及放療。采用免疫組化法檢測切除腫瘤組織中CRP的表達,據檢測結果分為CRP表達陽性組及CRP表達陰性組。影像學評估患者術后復發情況。分析腫瘤組織CRP表達陽性與陰性患者的術后生存率及復發率。結果 58%(55/78)的患者腫瘤組織中CRP表達陽性。CRP表達陽性與陰性組在患病年齡、性別、血清CRP水平、瘤體大小、淋巴結轉移等臨床病理因素上無統計學差異;兩組間患者外周血清CRP水平亦無統計學差異。肺腺癌CRP陽性組患者5年生存率較CRP陰性組明顯下降(CRP+vsCRP- ;41%vs65%),生存率的下降具有統計學差異(P<0.05)。肺腺癌CRP陽性組患者術后復發率較CRP陰性組顯著升高(CRP+vsCRP-; 54.5%vs26.1%),兩組復發率具有統計學差異(P<0.05)。肺腺癌腫瘤中CRP的表達是患者術后復發的獨立因素(OR>1)。CRP陽性復發組與CRP陰性復發組在術后患者初次復發部位上無差異。結論 肺腺癌組織中CRP的表達與術后較高的復發率及較差的生存率相關。CRP可能成為評估肺腺癌患者術后預后的重要標志物。
肺腺癌;CRP;預后
血清C反應蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)是一種急性時相反應蛋白。它是經典的炎癥反應最靈敏的急性時相蛋白,在炎癥過程中濃度迅速增高[1]。近年來研究發現在腫瘤中CRP的表達亦有增高,CRP在診斷惡性腫瘤的意義逐漸受到重視。在肺癌中CRP增高被認為具有一定的診斷價值[CRP英文5-8]。關于CRP與肺癌患者術后復發及預后的關系,目前研究尚鮮有報道。本研究采用免疫組化方法檢測肺腺癌腫瘤組織中CRP的表達,探討CRP表達與術后生存率及復發率的關系。研究設計:回顧性研究:病史查詢、得到78例患者,取其手術標本行免疫組化檢測;前瞻性:對于病理顯示為肺腺癌的,行免疫組化檢測,并隨訪。
一、研究對象
入選標準:選擇2011年1月2日至2012年12月31日間在上海瑞金醫院住院接受手術治療的肺腺癌患者78例為研究對象。所有患者均經病理組織學確診,術前均未接受放、化療。78例患者中男性24例,女性54例,年齡45-74歲,中位年齡56.5歲。按2009年UICC TNM分為IB期,IIA期,IIB期,IIIA期。
二、方法
采用免疫組化法檢測CRP的表達。CRP羊抗人多克隆抗體購自美國Sigma公司,PV9000試劑盒和二氨基聯苯胺(DAB)顯色劑均購自北京中杉生物技術有限公司。結果判定標準:CRP陽性染色為在細胞膜或漿內出現棕黃色顆粒。根據染色強度和陽性細胞數進行綜合評分,染色強度:1分:染色弱但明顯強于陰性對照;2分:染色清晰,中等程度;3分:染色程度強。陽性細胞數:1分:陽性細胞占11%-50%;2分:陽性細胞占51%-80%;3分:陽性細胞≥81%。上述兩項積分相加,O分為(-),1-2分為(+),3-4分為(),5-6分為()。(-)和(+)為陰性,()和()為陽性。
三、統計

一、患者基本臨床特征
本次共有78例患者納入此項研究,男性24例,女性54例,年齡48-74歲,中位年齡56.5歲。IB期7例(%),IIA期20例(%),IIB期35(%),IIIA期16例(%)。
二、CRP在肺腺癌組織中的表達與臨床病理因素的關系
58%(55/78)的肺腺癌患者腫瘤組織中CRP表達陽性,(見圖1)。肺腺癌CRP表達陽性與陰性組在患者年齡、性別、血清CRP、腫瘤大小、淋巴結轉移等臨床病理因素上無統計學差異。兩組間患者外周血清CRP的表達亦無統計學差異,(見表1)。

圖1 CRP在肺腺癌組織中的表達(200×)

表1 CRP表達與肺腺癌臨床病理特征的關系
三、CRP在肺腺癌組織中的表達對術后生存率的影響
肺腺癌CRP陽性組患者5年生存率較CRP陰性組明顯下降(CRP+vsCRP- ;41%vs65%),具有統計學差異,P<0.05,(見圖2)。

圖2 肺腺癌組織中CRP的表達與術后生存率的關系
四、CRP在肺腺癌組織中的表達對術后復發率的影響
肺腺癌CRP陽性組患者術后復發率較CRP陰性組顯著升高(CRP+vsCRP-; 54.5%vs34.8%),兩組復發率具有統計學差異(P<0.05)。肺腺癌腫瘤中CRP的表達是患者術后復發的獨立因素(OR>1),(見表1)。
肺癌是一種常見的惡性腫瘤,無論是發病率還是死亡率,多居全球惡性腫瘤首位,其中非小細胞肺癌發病率又占肺癌總發病率80%以上[1]。腺癌作為非小細胞肺癌中的第一大類癌癥,由于早期即可出現淋巴結轉移,并且容易復發,因此如何發現新的分子標志物以提高患者的預后監測,實現早發現早治療,并最終實現延長患者生存期就顯得尤為重要。
CRP是已為人熟知的經典的急性時相反應蛋白,由白介素6等細胞因子刺激肝臟合成,事實上,慢性炎癥刺激與肺癌發生之間的關系已被人們廣泛接受。目前人們也獲知血CRP水平的升高與多種惡性腫瘤的發生發展及生存預后是相關聯的[2]。腫瘤內炎癥細胞及細胞因子的高表達主要歸因于腫瘤的生長、侵襲及免疫的抑制,相當于處理有效的宿主抗腫瘤反應[3]。事實上,大約15%的腫瘤是由慢性炎癥或感染刺激觸發,由于宿主的持續感染導致慢性炎癥,炎性細胞通過刺激產生自由基及氮化物造成DNA的破壞,進一步引起細胞增殖化[4]。在體外實驗中也發現炎癥前細胞因子可通過改變微環境中腫瘤細胞的生物學行為及活化基質細胞促進腫瘤細胞的生長。CRP間接反映了宿主和腫瘤相互作用時炎癥介質的作用,腫瘤和宿主相互作用可能與腫瘤轉移和副腫瘤綜合征等相關,炎癥標志物升高的水平與腫瘤轉移和惡液質的發展有關。因此炎癥標志物的水平可能預示了宿主對腫瘤的系統炎癥反應的強烈易感性。研究發現在腎臟、呼吸道、甲狀腺、血管平滑肌和肺泡巨細胞內CRP局部表達[5-13]。然而關于肺腺癌組織中CRP的表達及意義目前報道較少。我們的研究發現在肺腺癌組織中CRP表達陽性率較高,肺腺癌組織中CRP表達與患者年齡、性別、血清CRP、腫瘤大小、淋巴結轉移等臨床病理因素無關系。
近來國外研究報道食管鱗癌腫瘤組織中CRP的表達預示較差的生存預后[14]。通過隨訪患者術后生存的時間,我們進一步研究探討肺腺癌組織中CRP 的表達與預后的關系。術后生存率研究表明肺腺癌組織中CRP表達陽性患者5年生存率為41%,明顯低于肺腺癌組織中CRP表達陰性患者5年生存率65%。同時我們發現肺腺癌組織中CRP表達陽性患者術后復發率卻顯著高于CRP陰性患者,進一步的危險因素分析表明肺腺癌組織中CRP的表達是患者術后復發的獨立因素(OR>1)。
我們的研究表明肺腺癌患者腫瘤組織中CRP的表達與患者術后預后相關,系統性炎癥反應越強烈,CRP水平越高,患者的生存預后越差。同時高表達CRP的肺腺癌患者伴隨著較高的術后復發率。可見在肺腺癌中CRP的表達預示著較差的術后生存及較高的術后復發。CRP可能成為評估肺腺癌患者術后預后及監測的重要分子標志物。
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Expression of CRP protein in lung adenocarcinoma and its prognostic significance
CHENLin,DUHai-lei,LIYong,CHENQi-jian,CHENZhong-yuan,WANHuan-yin.
DepartmentofRespiration,NorthRuijinHospitalAffiliatedtoMedicineSchoolofShanghaiJiaotongUniversity,Shanghai200025,China
Objective To detect the expression of CRP protein in tumor tissues of lung adenocarcinoma patients and to investigate the correlation between CRP and postoperative recurrence and prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Methods A total of 78 lung adenocarcinoma patients (stage Ⅰb-Ⅲa) with lung cancer undergoing radical lung cancer surgery were enrolled. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy were not performed before operation in all patients. CRP expression was detected by immunohistochemistry, and they were divided into the CRP positive group and the CRP negative group according to the results. It used imageology to evaluate postoperative recurrence. The survival rate and recurrence of CRP positive and negative patients with tumor tissue were analyzed. Results 58% (55/78) of the patients had positive expression of CRP in the tumor tissues. There was no significant difference in the clinical pathological factors such as age, sex, serum CRP level, tumor size, and lymph node metastasis between the positive and negative groups in CRP expression. There was no significant difference in serum CRP level between the two groups. The 5-year survival rate of lung adenocarcinoma was significantly lower in the positive group than in the negative group (CRP-vsCRP+; 41%vs65%). The decline in survival rate was statistically significant (P<0.05). The recurrence of lung adenocarcinoma was significantly higher in the positive group than in negative group (CRP-vsCRP+; 54.5%vs26.1%). The recurrence of the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The expression of CRP in lung adenocarcinoma tumors was an independent factor (OR>1) in patients with postoperative recurrence. There was no difference in the initial recurrence site between the CRP positive recurrence group and the CRP negative recurrence group. Conclusion The expression of CRP in lung adenocarcinoma tissues is related to the high recurrence and poor survival rate after operation. CRP may be an important marker for evaluating the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma after surgery.
lung adenocarcinoma; CRP; prognosis
10.3969/j.issn.1009-6663.2017.06.007
上海交通大學醫學院附屬瑞金北院課題資助(No 2014ZY08)
200025 上海,上海交通大學附屬瑞金醫院北院1.呼吸科、2.胸外科
程齊儉,E-mail:chengqijian@aliyun.com
2016-10-08]