重點詞匯
1.check v. n. 檢查;審查
Check your homework before handing it in.
交作業以前先檢查一遍。
I think there is an age limit, but I’d have to check.
我覺得是有年齡限制的,但我得去核實一下。
I’ll just have a quick check to see if the letter has arrived yet.
我要快速查看一下,看看那封信是否已經寄到。
check out 察看;觀察
Check out the prices at our new store!
看一看我們新商店的價格吧!
2.clear v. 清理;清除
It’s your turn to clear the table.
該輪到你收拾餐桌了。
clear out 清理;丟掉
We cleared out all our old clothes.
我們扔掉了所有的舊衣服。
(1) clear adj. 清晰易懂的;明白清楚的
You’ll do as you’re told, is that clear?
叫你做什么你就去做什么,明白嗎?
(2) clearly adv. 清楚地;清晰地
Would you speak more clearly?
你能再說清楚一點嗎?
3.own v. 擁有;有
Do you own your house or do you rent it?
你的房子是自己的,還是租的?
(1) own adj. 自己的,本人的
It was her own idea.
那是她自己的主意。
(2) owner n. 物主;主人
The owner of the shop was sweeping his floor when I walked in.
我走進去的時候店主正在掃地。
4.part v. 離開;分開
We parted at the airport.
我們在飛機場分手了。
I hate being parted from the children.
我不愿與孩子們分開。
part with 放棄;交出 (尤指不舍得的東西)
Make sure you read the contract before parting with any money.
一定要注意先看清合約再交錢。
part n. 部分
We spent part of the time in the museum.
我們花了一部分時間在博物館。
5.truthful adj. 誠實的;真實的
Are you being completely truthful with me?
你跟我講的全是真話嗎?
(1) truth n. 真相;事實
Do you think she’s telling the truth?
你認為她在講實話嗎?
(2) true adj. 符合事實的;如實的
The novel is based on a true story.
這部小說是根據真實的故事寫成的。
to tell (you) the truth 說實話,老實說
To tell you the truth, I’ll be glad to get home.
說實話,能回家我會很高興。
6.search v. n. 搜索;搜查
search作動詞意為“搜查”時,后面跟搜查的范圍,可跟人、房屋等名詞或代詞作賓語。而search for后面跟搜查的目標。
She searched her desk for the necessary information.
她在她的書桌里搜尋必要的資料。
She went into the kitchen in search of (=looking for) a drink.
她進了廚房,想找點喝的。
search out 找出;查到
The librarian finally searched out the book I wanted.
圖書管理員最后找出了我要借的那本書。
7.shame n. 羞恥;羞愧;慚愧
Her father and her brothers would die of shame.
她的父親和兄弟們會羞愧死的。
shame n. 令人惋惜的事;讓人遺憾的事
It would be a shame to stop the work halfway.
半途而廢就太遺憾了。
It’s a shame that she wasn’t here to see it.
真可惜她不能在這兒親眼看看。
8.regard v. 將……認為;把……視為
regard... as... 把……視為……
He was regarded as the most successful president of modern times.
他被看成是近代最成功的總統。
9.opposite prep. 與……相對;在……對面
adj. 對面的;另一邊的
The bank is opposite the supermarket.
銀行在超市的對面。
Answers are given on the opposite page.
答案在對頁上。
10. consider v. 注視;仔細考慮
He stood there, considering the painting.
他站在那里,凝視著那幅畫。
She considered her options.
她仔細考慮了自己的各種選擇。
We’re considering buying a new car.
我們在考慮買一輛新車。
注意:consider意為“仔細考慮”時,后面可接名詞和動詞的-ing形式。
consider v. 認為;視為
辨析:consider和regard
consider和regard都可指認為、視為。consider 常用的結構有consider sb/sth as sth (as可以省略);regard常用的結構有regard sb/sth as sth (as不可以省略)。此外,consider 常用的結構還有consider sb/sth to be sth (to be可以省略)。
I consider him (as) a friend. =I regard him as a friend.
我把他視為朋友。
This award is considered (to be) a great honour.
這項獎被視為極大的榮譽。
11. hold v. 擁有;抓住
Employees hold 30% of the shares.
雇員持有30%的股份。
I held the mouse by its tail.
我抓著耗子的尾巴倒提起來。
(1) hold on 等一等;別掛電話
(2) hold on to 堅持
重點短語
1.no longer 不再;不復
no longer有時可用not... any longer或not... anymore替
換。
He no longer lives here.
=He doesn’t live here anymore/any longer.
他不再住這兒了。
2.to be honest 說實在的
To be honest, it was one of the worst books I’ve ever read.
說實在的,那是我讀過的最差的書之一。
honest adj. 誠實的;老實的
He is an honest man.
他是一個誠實的人。
3.according to 依據;按照
According to Mick, it’s a great movie.
據米克說,這是一部了不起的電影。
4.close to 幾乎;接近
He made a profit close to $200 million.
他賺了接近2億美元。
close by 在不遠處
Our friends live close by.
我們的朋友住得不遠。
即時練習
從方框中選擇適當的短語填空。
as for part with check out clear out close to
1. I love my dad and I would never ______ him.
2. Those are some toys that we want to ______ .
3. ______ Jane, she’s doing fine.
4. She lives ______ a school.
5. Please ______ these names and numbers.
參考答案:
基本語法
現在完成時(III)
某些動詞的現在完成時可表示從過去某一時間開始并一直持續到現在的動作或狀態。
1. 可以和表示延續的時間狀語連用,如“for+時間段”,“since+過去的時間點”,“since+一段時間+ago”,“since+一般過去時的句子”。
I have lived here for 10 years.
=I have lived here since 10 years ago.
我已經住在這里10年了。
He has worked at this factory since 2008.
自從2008年他就在這個工廠上班。
She has taught us since I came to this school.
自從我來到這所學校,她就一直教我們。
2. 表示持續動作或狀態的動詞多是延續性動詞。
短暫性動詞 (buy, die, join, finish等) 不能直接與表示一段時間的狀語連用,需要轉換為相應的延續性動詞。
buy—have borrow—keep
put on—wear catch a cold—have a cold
get to know—knowget to sleep—sleep
begin/start—be ongo out—be out
open—be openclose—be closed
become—be die—be dead
finish/end—be overleave/go—be away
come/arrive/reach/get to—be (in)
fall asleep—be asleepmake friends—be friend
join—be in/be a member of
注意:非延續性動詞在否定結構中可用現在完成時。
I haven’t seen him for three years.
我三年沒有看見他了。
3. 現在完成時和一般過去時的區別
(1) 側重點不同
現在完成時側重于過去發生的某一動作對現在的影響;而一般過去時側重于某一動作發生在過去某個時間或某段時間。即現在完成時強調的是現在的情況,而一般過去時強調動作發生在過去。
I have seen the film.
我看過這部電影。(我了解這部電影的內容。)
I saw the film three days ago.
三天前我看了這部電影。(只說明三天前看了這部電影,不涉及現在的情況。)
(2) 時間狀語不同
現在完成時可以和already, yet, just, ever, never, before等副詞連用,還可以和“for+時間段”、“since+過去的時間點”、“since+一段時間+ago”、“since+一般過去時的句子”等時間狀語連用;而一般過去時則常與three weeks ago, just now, yesterday, last night等表示過去時間的狀語連用。
She has lived here since two years ago.
她兩年前就住在這里了。
She lived here two years ago.
兩年前她住在這里。