淺談高中生英語詞匯和句型的復習方法

李月

【摘要】高考英語試題容量大，覆蓋面廣。在復習迎考中要善于把握各知識點間的內在聯系，做到融會貫通，舉一反三。其中，詞匯和句型是英語學習復習的基礎。因此，詞匯和句型在復習中就尤為重要。

【關鍵詞】英語 詞匯 句型 復習

一、詞匯

高考考查的詞匯都是課本中的常見詞，掌握這些詞的難點不是識記其拼寫，而是領會其確切含義，把握其固定搭配，弄通一詞多性及一詞多義。為達到上述目的，在復習中可采用下列方法：

1.利用一些典型例句，典型詞匯，對其進行分析、歸納，從而達到培養逆向思維，提高應試能力。如：

1）He looked（A.calm；B，calmly）。

案是A.looked是系動詞。

2）He looked（A.calm；B.calmly）at me.答案是B.looked是行為動詞。

3）He looked friendly（A.at；B.to）me as if we were close friends.答案是B。主句為系表結構，fri endly是形容詞。

4）He looked（A.at；B.to）me in a friendly way as if we were closefriends.答案是A。in a friend ly way當方式狀語。

再如：He got married at the age of 25.

He was healthy for his age.

He lived a happy life in his old age.

He grew impatient with age.

A leader cant be judged by his age.

復習age一詞，聯系了at，for，in，with，by等介詞的有關用法，達到了培養分析問題和解決問題的能力。

2.編成順口溜，讀起來朗朗上口，久而不忘。如：對于哪些動詞后面的從句要用含蓄的虛擬語氣，只要 記住：一堅持，二命令，三建議，四要求。insist，order，command，advise，suggest，propose，request，requir e，demand，ask.就可掌握了十個詞。再補上：be determined that，urge that，its decidedthat，hold the v iew that.中學階段的此類動詞就基本掌握了。

e.g.（1）I suggest that we（should） hold a meeting tonight.

（2）He ordered that all（should）take part in the work.

（3）They insisted that we（should）begin the work at once.（SB Ⅱ，P.114）

對許多枯燥的識記材料，我們要善于從中找出內在的聯系，利用找同義詞，反義詞，借助構詞法或編成有 意義的句子或順口溜，可大大降低識記的難度。

二、句型

句型復習的重點要放在把握各句型間的異同點，主要有不同時態的相互聯系與區別，從句間的相互轉化及 區別，以及簡單句，復合句，并列句的區別與轉化等。句型復習同樣可以從典型例句入手，達到舉一反三的效 果。例如：

1. He didnt tell me how he was getting on with his English.

I dont know that he is getting on well with his English.

I dont know what he is getting on well with.

I dont know whether he is getting on well with his friend.

2. Because his mother was ill，he had to stay at home.（原因狀語從句） Because of his mothers illness，he had to stay at home.（介詞短語當狀語） With his mother ill，he had to stay at home. （介詞的復合結構當狀語） His mother being ill，he had to stay at home.（獨立主格結構當狀語）

3. He has three children；two of them are daughters.（并列

句） He has three children，two of whom are daughters.（定語從句） He has three children，two of them daughters.（同位句）

4.When the meeting will take place is still unknown.（主語從句）I dont know the meeting will take place.（賓語從句）

The question is when well hold the meeting.（表語從句）

When the meeting takes place，Ill let you know.（時間狀語從句，從句以一般現在時表達將來時）

總之，到了總復習階段，對知識的掌握再也不能停留在一詞組，一句型上，而要善于利用知識間的內在聯系進行縱橫類比，從詞性轉化，詞義改變，連詞選擇，標點使用等方面去全方位把握知識間的內在聯系與區別 ，只有這樣才能達到融會貫通，舉一反三，事半功倍的效果。

參考文獻：

[1]范誼.英語學習方法指津[M].上海：上海出版社，2002.

[2]鮑繼平.大學英語學習新論[D].南京：東南大學，2004.