如何構建知識網絡

陶敏玲

我們可以把與it有關的復習內容分為兩大部分：it的基本用法和常用it的固定句型。然后我們可以通過運用來鞏固復習的知識，并使之網絡化。

[it的基本用法]

1. 指代上文提到的事物。

I have a dog called Blackie. It is very cute.

2. 代替指示代詞this， that。

What animal is this？ Its a kangaroo.

3. 指代時間、季節、氣候、天氣、溫度、自然環境或距離。

It is four oclock sharp now.

Its four kilometers from my home to the farm.

4. 指代嬰兒。

Here is a baby in the photo. Its me.

5. 指代遠處的人或敲門者等不能確定對方身份的人。

—Who is knocking at the door？

—It is me.

6. 作形式主語或形式賓語指代后面的不定式、從句，偶爾指代動名詞。

She finds it difficult to get along with him.

I think it no use/no good/useless sitting around felling sorry for your past misfortune.

注意 高考對find/feel/think/consider+it+adj./n.+to do sth/that ...這個用法考查得非常多，我們不妨試著翻譯一些句子，以運用來加深印象。

7. 用于強調結構。

It is in this zoo that the giant panda give birth to two young puppies.

Where was it that the allies landed and began to defeat the German army in World War II？

8. 用于表示喜好、憎恨、感激的動詞之后，指代后面句子里的情形。

I hate it when people speak with their mouths full.

I like it when we chat in the sun on quiet winter mornings.

I would appreciate it if you can reply at your earliest convenience.

I love it when I finished a task ahead of time.

[常用it的固定句型]

句型1 make it+clear+to do/that ...

The neighbors have made it clear that if John continues to play rock music deep into the night， they will complain to the police.

句型2 make it a rule to do/that ...

The school makes it a rule that students are not allowed to take mobile phones to the campus/school.

句型3 see to it that ... = make sure that ...

Please see to it that the doors and the windows are closed before you leave the lab.

句型4 take it for granted that ...

Never take it for granted that you can always find a job after graduation.

句型5 （it is） no wonder that someone does/did sth.

No wonder he couldnt arrive at the banquet. His car broke down halfway.

句型6 it is no exaggeration to say that ...

It is no exaggeration to say that she is likely to be elected president.

句型7 count/rely/depend on it that ...

You can count on it that he is fit for the job.

句型8 when it comes to ...

When it comes to study， its universally accepted that interest is the best teacher.

[運用]

改寫下列句子，運用所學的it的用法。

1. I appreciate your kindness in making such experiences possible for foreign students.

→I would appreciate your kindness in making it possible for foreign students to have such experiences.

2. We find the rapid development of science and technology is hard to keep pace with.

→We find it hard to keep pace with the rapid development of science and technology.

3. There is no point in complaining to them. They wont take any notice.

→It is useless to complaining to them. They wont take any notice.

[樹狀圖]

結合例句和樹狀圖，我們最終實現了對it及其相關知識點的網絡化。

1. With children， if you say “no”， you have to mean it.

2. Generally speaking， the internet makes it possible for people to get the information they need quickly.

3. It is an art to be parents.

4. It seems that there is a strong competition for students to enter a key university.

5. Many of us take it for granted that all foreigners celebrate Thanksgiving. But this is simply not true.

6. See to it that you are ready on time.

7. Considering he had no previous experience， we thought he wouldnt get the job， but he made it at last.

8. Lets face it—you are going to be late whether you go by bus or train.

9. Id appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.

10. How would you like it if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and shut it off without asking you？

11. I love it when the weather is like this.

12. This project requires close team work. Without it， nothing can be achieved.

13. It wont be long before robots come into every household.

14. It happened that they were classmates in kindergarten 20 years ago.

15. It was Mary that broke the window.

16. It was in the university that he made the great discovery.

17. It was the university where he made the great scientific discovery.

[指代前后文，以及時間、距離、天氣等

8，12，13][指代非謂語（不定式，動名詞） 3][定語從句

17][強調結構

15，16][主語從句，

賓語從句

4，14][用在某些動詞后，固定用法 1，7] [it] [2][5，6，9，10，11]