海洋微生物次生代謝的生理生態效應及其生物合成機制研究

張偲++王發左++楊鍵

摘 要：研究可望取得海洋微生物新物種、新基因、新結構、新機制和新功能研究的重大突破，全面提升我國海洋微生物次生代謝科學研究的水平。屬重要科學前沿交叉綜合研究。海洋微生物是最具優勢和特色的海洋生物資源。海洋微生物的研究，關乎海洋生物資源的國家權益保障、創新藥物的資源安全、生態環境安全與健康修復和國家重大科技戰略。海洋微生物次生代謝的研究是創新藥物和生態環境健康修復的基礎，也是組合生物合成技術的起點。組合生物合成技術將為海洋微生物產業提供健康、快速、和諧發展的新途徑。圍繞“海洋微生物的特有次生代謝過程及其生物學意義”關鍵科學問題，選擇我國特有海洋環境和特色海洋生態系統的微生物類群，關注物種多樣性和遺傳多樣性，發現具有生理與生態學效應的新穎次生代謝產物，研究海洋微生物的關鍵次生代謝過程和主要功能基因，揭示生物合成途徑和調控機制，發展基因重組技術、代謝工程技術，豐富生物合成基礎理論，開發組合生物合成新技術，從而為創新藥物和特色環保制品的開發奠定基礎。

關鍵詞：海洋微生物 次生代謝 生理生態效應 生物合成

Project Report for Physiological and Ecological Effects and the Biosynthetic Mechanisms of Marine Microbial Secondary Metabolites

Zhang Si Wang Fazuo Yang Jian

（South China Sea Institute of Oceanology， Chinese Academy of Sciences）

Abstract：Novel species， novel genes， novel structures， and novel mechanisms of marine microbes are expected to be achieved to raise the Chinese scientific research level of secondary metabolites from marine microorganisms. This comprehensive project is an interdisciplinary cooperation of frontier sciences. Marine microorganisms are the most advantageous and special marine biological resources. Research on marine microorganisms is linked with security of national marine living resources， innovative drugs， ecological safety and major scientific strategy of our country. Secondary metabolites of marine microorganisms are not only the foundation of innovative medicines and ecological restoration， but also the starting point for the combinatorial biosynthesis. Combinatorial biosynthesis technology will pave a new way of a healthy， rapid and harmonious development of marine microorganisms industry. Concentrating on the key scientific issue，" unique secondary metabolic process and biological significance of marine microorganisms"， microbial community from marine environment of China was selected. We focus on the diversity of species and heredity， unique characteristics of marine ecosystems， physiological and ecological effects on the novel secondary metabolites of marine microbiology， secondary metabolites related genes， and regulatory mechanism of biosynthesis pathways. Based on DNA recombinant technology， metabolic engineering， and biosynthesis theory， combinatorial biosynthesis technology was developed， and will help to lay a foundation for the development of innovative medicines and environmentally friendly products.

Key Words：Marine microorganisms； Secondary metabolites； Physiological and ecological effects； Biosynthesis

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