

摘 要:為了符合目前國家的政策,許多房屋都要設(shè)置地下室,不過在地下室結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計與抗浮驗(yàn)算設(shè)計,現(xiàn)行國家主要結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計規(guī)范并沒有明確的規(guī)定。每人有不同的想法和思路,最終引來不一樣結(jié)果。由于地下室成本占整個房屋建筑成本比率較大,因此如何正確把握地下室結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計和構(gòu)造很重要,筆者結(jié)合國家規(guī)范和地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn),提出地下室結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計和構(gòu)造措施基本思路和方法,以便正確快速進(jìn)行地下室結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計和構(gòu)造措施的確定,減少浪費(fèi),節(jié)約地下室投資。通過本文,在以后的地下室工程的設(shè)計過程中,可以引導(dǎo)他人能正確,快速進(jìn)行地下室結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計和構(gòu)造措施確定。
關(guān)鍵詞:地下室; 結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計; 構(gòu)造措施
Abstract: In order to comply with current national policy, many houses should be set to the basement, but in the basement structural design and the checking of Anti-floating design, structural design of the existing national norms are not clearly defined. Everyone has different thoughts and ideas, and they ultimately lead to different results. Basement cost of the total housing construction cost ratio larger, and therefore how to correctly grasp the basement structure is very important, I designed and constructed with the state standards and local standards, proposed the basic ideas and methods of the basement structural design and construction measures, in order to determine basement structure design and construction measures correctly and quickly and reduce waste, save the basement investment. Through this paper, later in the basement of the design process they can guide others can correctly and quickly to determine the basement structural design and construction measures.
Key words: basement; structural design; construction measures
目前情況下,地下室設(shè)置比較普遍,許多房屋都要設(shè)置地下室,不過在地下室結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計與抗浮驗(yàn)算設(shè)計,現(xiàn)行國家主要結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計規(guī)范并沒有明確的規(guī)定。本人結(jié)合國家規(guī)范和地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn),提出地下室結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)造設(shè)計與抗浮設(shè)計過程的想法,供設(shè)計人員探討、參考。
1.地下室設(shè)計中有關(guān)規(guī)范的選用
在地下室設(shè)計計算過程中選用的現(xiàn)行規(guī)范有:《混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計規(guī)范》,《人民防空地下室設(shè)計規(guī)范》,《地下工程防水技術(shù)規(guī)范》,《種植屋面工程技術(shù)規(guī)程》,《建筑結(jié)構(gòu)荷載規(guī)范》(2006年版)等。
2.地下室的各種荷載選取
2.1地下室頂部:
2.1.1上部覆土:根據(jù)地下室頂板上部的實(shí)際覆土情況進(jìn)行計算。
2.1.2 消防車道:雙向樓蓋(板跨不小于6mX6m),無梁樓蓋(柱網(wǎng)尺寸不小于6mX6m)按20 KN/m2計算。……