新生兒顱內出血的床旁超聲診斷價值

楊蘊慧

【摘要】 目的 探討床旁超聲在新生兒顱內出血診斷中的價值。方法 200例顱內出血患兒， 所有患兒均采用常規床旁超聲檢查， 觀察超聲診斷與CT診斷符合率及比較早產兒及足月新生兒的床旁超聲診斷情況。結果 新生兒床旁超聲診斷符合率為87.0%， 早產兒腦室-腦室周圍出血發生率97.6%明顯高于足月兒64.0%（P<0.05）， 漏診率2.4%低于足月兒30.7%（P<0.05）。結論 床旁超聲無創， 操作方便， 且能避免體位改變導致血液波動誘發或加重顱內出血， 從而減少患兒病死、病殘的風險。

【關鍵詞】 新生兒顱內出血；床旁超聲；肌酸激酶同工酶

DOI：10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2016.22.008

Diagnostic value of bedside ultrasound for neonatal intracranial hemorrhage YANG Yun-hui. Department of Ultrasound， Shandong Liaocheng Guanxian Central Hospital， Liaocheng 252500， China

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate value of bedside ultrasound in diagnosis of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage. Methods A total of 200 infants with intracranial hemorrhage all received conventional bedside ultrasound examination to observe diagnostic accordance rates by ultrasound and CT， along with comparison of bedside ultrasound diagnosis between premature infants and full-term infants. Results Diagnostic accordance rate by bedside ultrasound was 87.0%. Incidence of ventricular - periventricular hemorrhage was obviously higher in premature infants as 97.6% than 64.0% in full-term infants （P<0.05）. Premature infants had lower misdiagnosis rate as 2.4% than 30.7% of full-term infants （P<0.05）. Conclusion Bedside ultrasound is noninvasive and convenient for operation， and it avoid blood fluctuation-induced intracranial hemorrhage during body position changing. This method can reduce risks of morality and disability.

【Key words】 Neonatal intracranial hemorrhage； Bedside ultrasound； Creatine kinase isoenzyme