供水系統安全保障與智能調控技術

朱志偉 俞亭超 程偉平 邵煜 何忠文

摘 要：本研究以我國大中型城市為對象，研發以漏失控制和水質保障為目的的壓力智能調控系統，減小管網總體漏損水量，提高城市飲用水的水質，保障供水安全。針對村鎮居民分散、水質差、維護技術水平低等狀況，研發適合村鎮的具有低投入、低成本，高效節能的，智能凈水與輸送供水系統。針對以上任務，研究單位突破了管網節點流量的校驗技術難題，提出了基于廣義逆理論的矩陣式節點流量校驗方法，開發出實時的大型管網水力模型系統，并在廣州得到了應用，為大規模供水系統的壓力調控提供了技術支撐。自主研發了管網壓力智能調控設備，根據管網的入口壓力、用戶用水需求，以及管網末梢壓力，在保障城市用戶水壓需求的前提下，自動進行管網壓力的調控，降低供水壓力，降低漏損良，目前已經投入實際應用測試。針對在配水管網的外部環境中存在大量的污染物，低負壓是引起管外污水倒灌入侵的問題，課題組開展漏損模型實驗研究，自行設計了低負壓條件下管網漏損出的入侵體積測量裝置，并在實驗平臺上加以應用，獲取了低負壓事件引起的入侵體積的值，分析總結影響管網入侵體積大小的各種因素，取得了階段性成果；針對農村用水量變化系數大的特定，研發了氣控智能變頻無塔集中自動供水設備，設計包括密閉罐體、水泵和水管，水泵、智能控制模塊的一體化設備。實現可視化遠程調整、監測和維護。實現無人值守，降低運行管理維護成本20～35%。針對華容地區農村地下水鐵、錳超標，村鎮經濟和技術水平低，研發了適合村鎮的，集絮凝、沉淀、過濾、除鐵除錳、消毒一體化的凈水設備，并已經投入示范工程建設。

關鍵詞：供水管網；壓力調控；污染物入侵；農村供水；智能控制

Abstract：This study focuses on the subject of large and medium-sized cities in our country， research and development for the purpose of leakage control and water quality security of intelligent control system， pressure reducing overall leakage water pipe network， improve the water quality of city drinking water， to ensure the safety of water supply. According to for residents Dispersion in villages and towns， the condition of poor water quality， low maintenance technology， low cost， high efficiency and energy saving， intelligent water purification and water supply system is researched and developed for villages and towns with low investment. For the above tasks， research group solved the pipe network node flow calibration problem， put forward the node flow calibration method based on the theory of generalized inverse matrix， developed the large-scale hydraulic model of real-time system， and it was applied in Guangzhou city. It can provide the technical support large-scale water supply pressure regulation. Intelligent control equipment， independent research and development of pipe network pressure according to the inlet pressure of pipeline network， the user demand and the network peripheral pressure， automatic regulation of pipe network pressure lower supply pressure， reduce the leakage， now it is in the application testing. Due to water distribution network of the external environment in the presence of large amounts of pollutants， the contamination may intrude into the portable water in the low negative pressure. The research team carry out the experimental study on leakage model， designed the low negative pressure pipeline leakage under the condition of the invasion of volume measurement devices， to study the low negative pressure events caused by the invasion of the value of the volume， analyzed influence network intrusion volume size of various factors. An automatic water supply equipment is developed. It include intelligent frequency conversion without tower， the sealed tanks， pumps and pipes， the intelligent control module integration equipment. It can be remote adjusted， visual monitoring and maintenance. For huarong district rural groundwater excess iron， manganese， low level of rural economy and technology， developed for villages and towns， flocculation， sedimentation， filtration， disinfection， in addition to iron and manganese integrated water purification equipment， and has been put into construction of demonstration project.

Key words：water distribution； water pressure adjust； pollution invade ；rural water supply； intelligent control

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