基于核酸適體模板的稀土納米載體用于靶向成像及治療

蒲芳　任勁松

摘 要：核酸是一種結構和功能都比較復雜的生物大分子，它們在生物體內細胞周期的不同階段以不同的構象存在，以確保各項生命活動的順利進行。基于納米材料多功能化的納米器件已經廣泛地應用到生物醫藥領域的診斷和治療。借助核酸適體為生物模板，經過一步便利的溶劑熱法可以設計并合成多功能的鑭系元素摻雜的多孔納米材料。基于材料自身極好的水溶性及生物特性，該材料可用于細胞層面的靶向成像與藥物運載。因核酸適體針對靶細胞特殊的結合功能，研究者的工作將為納米探針于生物應用方面開辟天窗，相關領域可涉及到時間分辨的生物檢測，多模式生物成像或標記，以及癌癥或其他疾病的靶向治療。

關鍵詞：核酸 適體 納米功能材料 癌癥 藥物運載 靶向

Abstract：Nucleic acids are a kind of biological macromolecule with polymorphic structure and multiple functions. The nanodevices based on bionanomaterials have been widely used for diagnosis and treatment of diseases in biomedicine. Multifunctional lanthanide-doped porous nanoparticles are prepared via a facile one-step solvothermal route by employing aptamers as the biotemplate. The nanoparticles feature excellent aqueous dispersibility and biospecifi c properties and could work as effective nanoprobes for targeted imaging and drug delivery. With aptamer being in principle available for any kind of target， this synthetic strategy may open the door to a new generation of nanoprobes for bioapplications such as time-resolved biodetection， multimode bioimaging/biolabeling， and targeted cancer therapy.

Key Words：Nucleic acid； Aptamer； Functional nanomaterial； Cancer； Drug Delivery； Target

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