300英尺自升式平臺設計技術

那榮慶 趙杰 傘立忠 戴挺 劉剛

摘 要：隨著世界經濟的繁榮和科學技術的發展，石油作為重要的能源，用途越來越廣泛，由此使有限的陸地石油資源已日見枯竭。石油開采商把目光紛紛投向海洋石油的開發。在海洋油氣開發裝備中，自升式平臺由于能夠適用于不同的海底土壤條件和較大的水深范圍，同時移位靈活方便，便于建造，因此應用非常廣泛。該文所研究的300 ft自升式鉆井平臺作業水深為300 ft，可在除挪威北海以外的世界范圍海域作業，該項目由大連船舶重工自主設計，是國內首座完全具有自主知識產權的作業水深為300英尺（桁架式樁腿）的自升式鉆井平臺，填補了國內空白。該項目研究屬國內首創，大連船舶重工緊密跟蹤市場需求，通過國際合作、自主研發等手段，開展技術攻關，成功解決了平臺總體設計技術研究、平臺結構設計及強度分析技術研究、平臺振動與噪音技術研究、電氣控制技術及系統研究、“零”污染排放等關鍵技術難題，為集團最終形成實船訂單提供了重要技術保障。

關鍵詞：自升式平臺 總體設計 結構強度分析 振動與噪音 電氣系統 “零”污染排放

Abstract：As the development of world economy and technology， petroleum has became a very important energy source， and been used more and more widely. Many petroleum companies pay more attention to the exploitation of sea petroleum， for the dwindling of limited land petroleum source. Compared with other sea petroleum exploitation equipments， self-elevating platform can be moveable， easily built， and adapted to different environment of seabed and water depth， so it is used widely around the world . The self-elevation drilling rig suitable for 300ft water depth discussed in this article is able to perform all over the world except North Sea of Norway. This rig which is designed by DSIC independently is the first rig with triangular truss type legs， 300ft water depth capacity， and fully China intellectual property， which fill up blankness in drilling rig history of China. This platform is designed successfully for the first time in China. As following market requirement， DSIC overcome on technique difficulties by means of international cooperation and independent research， solved technique problems as platform general design technique research， rig structure design and strength analysis technique research，platform vibration and noise technique research， electronic control technique& system research，Zero-pollution discharge etc， and provide a technique foundation for the final actual order of the corporation.

Key Words：Self-elevating Drilling Unit；General Design；Structure Strength Analysis；Vibration&Noise；Electronic System； Zero-pollution Discharge

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