Analysis of China

Zhou Ziqi

【Abstract】Along with the reform and opening up，China's foreign trade develops rapidly，now becoming the world's largest trading power.However， as China is the largest developing country in the world， she is limited to insufficient advanced science and technology and imperfect system which stir up acute problems to its environment. The relationship between trade and environment has gradually aroused people's attention and become the focus of discussion.

【Key words】environmental protection； export trade； problem

sustainable development

Preface： In the wave of globalization，two waves are noticeable.One is liberalization of trade；another is international environmental protection.They impact on each other and coordinate with each other， turning into the mainstream of the development of the world.While grasping the opportunity of economic globalization，we should fully realize the challenge of environment and trade.

The current situation of China's export trade and environmental problems

Analysis of the current situation of China's export trade

The data of Chinas export trade in 2015 breaks the new record of low growth on export.The total volume of exports reached 2.27 trillion U.S.dollars in 2015 which were ranked first in the world， falling by 2.8% year-over-year. Nevertheless，the quality of Chinas foreign trade is improving with optimization and promotion of the structure.

The current situation of China's environmental problems

In December，2013，the haze appeared in nearly half area of China in various degrees， which is simply the tip of the iceberg of Chinas environmental problems.Today， China's environmental pollution is characterized by the features of wide range and high degree.The pollution has spread all over the country， including water resources， air and soil.

The relationship between trade and environment

The impact of trade on the environment

The impact of trade on the environment has the effect of composition effect，scale effect and technique effect.

According to composition effect，free trade makes the specialization of advantageous industries.Developed countries transfer their economic structure to the green light industry and service industry，while a sea of developing countries are turning to the labor-intensive industry，which paves the way for pollution control and efficient use of resources in developed countries，while making global pollution concentrate in certain countries or regions.

According to scale effect，the factors of scale production depend on the adjustment of the market， which impels the global resource configuration to optimize and enhance the product efficiency， thus reducing the environmental pollution.However，in the case of market failure，the scale waste of resources will badly affect the environment.

According to technique effect，technique can stop the increase of pollution and reduces the pollution with the increase of peoples income.People's activities of consumption producing pollution， but with the development of economic and the improvement of environmental awareness， people are willing to fund the technology of pollutions reduction and elimination.

The impact of environment on the trade

First and foremost，the environment is the basis of trade activities， providing abundant resources for trading.

In the next place，the diversities of countries and regions lead to the difference of comparative benefits and division of labor，affecting the content，scale and structure of trading.

Finally，environmental policy influences the free trade system.Due to different degree of development and environmental pollution，each country has a criterion for environment.Some countries take the measure of Green Box and transfer from pollution enterprise，this affecting the export cost of products and the export of developing countries，especially the underdeveloped countries.

The way to improve China's export trade and environmental problem

It is necessary to develop in a sustainable way of increasing export trade and environment optimization to realize healthy development of Chinas export trade and insure the major status of export trade in the world.

Strengthening international cooperation in environmental protection

On one hand，China should actively participate in the international division of labor and cooperation in environmental protection，and develop high-tech industries；On the other hand， what important is that actively participate in discussing and negotiating with the international community on Trade and environment，striving for more fair and reasonable status for the vast number of developing countries， including China.

Progress China's environmental legislation

At present，Chinas environmental laws and regulations are needed to be improved with environmental legislation lagging.Thus the legislation about trading should be valued highly，with legislation to cope with clean production and to strengthen international cooperation.

Realize the internalization of environmental cost of export products

The internalization of environment integrates environmental cost into production cost，showing the scarcity of environmental resources， making the market allocates resources efficiently，thus solving the difficulties of environmental degradation on root.It has several benefits to Chinas export trading such as the improvement of export product structure，the sustainable development of trade industry and the development of the environmental protection career.

Summary： To analyze actively the problem of China's export trade and environment and to take effective measures，which is of great importance to implement the strategy of sustainable development，to protect and better our environment and contribute to the growth of Chinas export trade.

References：

[1]Zhang Yanzhong，Wu Liang，Nie Yuanzhen，“New Topic for Discussion of WTO：Dispute，Influence and Countermeasures，” Gansu People 's Publishing House，2005.1.

[2]Huang Hui，“WTO and Environmental Protection—Conflict and Coordination between Free Trade and Environmental Protection，”China Environmental Science Press，2004.12.

[3]China Review News Network，“The Situation of Chinas Export Trade in 2016：Happy and Sad”.

Authors Introduction： Zhou Ziqi，a female，who was born in Chongqing in 1995，are studying in Chongqing Normal University Foreign Trade And Business College，majoring in International Trade of Business English，a undergraduate student.