分布式高頻超視距雷達探測與組網技術研究

吳雄斌 林航 朱大勇 趙正予 張蘭

摘 要：高頻地波雷達海洋環境監測技術在國家863計劃持續支持下已形成較為完整的自主知識產權體系，并已開始了產業化進程。隨著國家海洋資源開發、生態與環境保護、防災減災以及國防戰略等需求的日益增長，一方面要求提高雷達對沿岸海洋要素探測的精細化程度，另一方面也要求顯著提升雷達對遠海的探測能力，突破地波雷達目前僅能沿海岸線布設的模式。該項目研制并建設成一個分布式高頻超視距雷達海洋環境監測示范網，它由一部浮標式高頻地波雷達、三部具有“多發多收”工作模式的雙/多頻岸基高頻地波雷達和一個高頻天波發射站構成，通過衛星同步組成可協同工作的天-地波綜合海洋環境探測網。實現近岸200 km精細化觀測、岸基350 km探測、浮標式高頻地波雷達條件下遠至離岸1 000 km范圍（涵蓋日本附近、臺灣以東的遠海）海洋表面動力學要素信息的快速獲取。開展規范化比測試驗，推動高頻超視距雷達風、浪、流探測尤其是對災害性海洋天氣和海上環境事故的監測進入業務化運行水平，為我國大面積海洋環境監測提供新型骨干設備。

關鍵詞：高頻地波雷達 天波 電離層干擾抑制 同步組網

Abstract： With the continuous support of Chinese High-Technology 863 Plan Project， marine environment monitoring technology by HF radar has formed a complete intellectual property system， and has begun the process of industrialization. Along with the development of marine resources， ecological and environmental protection， disaster prevention and mitigation strategies as well as the growing demand for defense， On one hand the precision of coastal ocean detection element should be enhanced， on the other hand， it also requires significantly improvement in distinct detection， to break though the pattern of coastal detection. This projects aims to establish a distributed over-horizontal high frequency surface wave radar （HFSWR） networks to monitor the ocean environments. It is made up of three land-based HFSWR systems working at two or more frequencies； the radars can also receive the radar echoes of other two radars. A high frequency sky wave transmitter is also synchronized by satellite to work together with the HFSWR to establish the integrated ocean environment monitoring network.This project also aims to achieve fine observation within 200 km off the coastline， and effective detection within 350 km. To carry out a standardized measurement test and to improve the accuracy of wind， wave and current measurements of HFSWR. And supply a key equipment for large area of the marine environment monitoring in China

Key Words： High frequency Surface Wave Radar； Skywave； Ionosphere Interference Suppression； Synchronous

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