黑龍江伊春小興安嶺國家地質(zhì)公園地質(zhì)遺跡資源評(píng)價(jià)與分級(jí)保護(hù)

張洋　李文

(東北林業(yè)大學(xué)，哈爾濱，150040)

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黑龍江伊春小興安嶺國家地質(zhì)公園地質(zhì)遺跡資源評(píng)價(jià)與分級(jí)保護(hù)

張洋李文

(東北林業(yè)大學(xué)，哈爾濱，150040)

摘要采用層次分析法和羅森伯格-菲什拜因數(shù)學(xué)模型，對黑龍江伊春小興安嶺國家地質(zhì)公園的主要地質(zhì)遺跡資源進(jìn)行定量評(píng)價(jià)，結(jié)果表明：黑龍江伊春小興安嶺國家地質(zhì)公園的多數(shù)地質(zhì)遺跡資源，評(píng)價(jià)得分在80分以上。依據(jù)《地質(zhì)遺跡保護(hù)管理規(guī)定》(1995)和評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果，將黑龍江伊春小興安嶺國家地質(zhì)公園的地質(zhì)遺跡資源劃分不同等級(jí)的保護(hù)區(qū)，提出了實(shí)施保護(hù)措施的原則：①除了必要的地質(zhì)遺跡保護(hù)巡視道和相關(guān)設(shè)施外，禁止建設(shè)其它無關(guān)的建筑；②在景點(diǎn)外圍設(shè)置人工圍欄和警示標(biāo)牌，禁止游人攀爬；③控制游客數(shù)量，嚴(yán)禁區(qū)內(nèi)行駛機(jī)動(dòng)交通工具；④對景區(qū)進(jìn)行生態(tài)建設(shè)，適當(dāng)區(qū)域可進(jìn)行綠化培育。依據(jù)實(shí)施保護(hù)措施的原則，針對級(jí)別不同的保護(hù)區(qū)，提出了具體保護(hù)措施與建議。

關(guān)鍵詞地質(zhì)公園；地質(zhì)遺跡；保護(hù)區(qū)；黑龍江

分類號(hào)P964

Evaluation and Classified Protection of Geological Relics Resources in Xiaoxing’an Mountains National Geopark of Yichun City, Heilongjiang Province

Zhang Yang, Li Wen

(Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China)//Journal of Northeast Forestry University，2016,44(4)：98-101,106.

The geological relics resources in Xiaoxing’an Mountains National Geopark of Yichun City, Heilongjiang Province were quantitatively evaluated by using the analytic hierarchy process and Rosenberg Fishbein model. The evaluation of most of the geological relics resources were more than 80 scores. According to “Rules on the protection and management of geological relics” (1995) and our results, these geological relics resources were divided into different protection zones. The protective measures were proposed as follows: the unrelated constructions are prohibited except the necessary geological relics protection patrol road and related facilities; artificial fencing and warning signs should be installed outside the attractions and climbing were prohibited to the visitors; the number of tourists and strictly prohibit travel motor vehicles should be controlled; the ecological construction of the scenic spot could be carried out and the green cultivation could be done in the appropriate area. Specific protection measures and suggestions were put forward on the basis of the principle of the implementation of protective measures for different levels of protection zone.

KeywordsGeopark; Geological relics; Protection zones; Heilongjiang Province

地質(zhì)遺跡是在地球長期的歷史演化過程中形成的不可再生的自然資源。目前，對于地質(zhì)遺跡的保護(hù)，最主要的形式是建立地質(zhì)公園[1-2]。地質(zhì)公園的建立，不僅可以起到保護(hù)地質(zhì)遺跡的重要作用，而且能對所在區(qū)域的旅游和文化教育起促進(jìn)作用，推動(dòng)地方經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展[3-4]。我國是最早由政府組織建立地質(zhì)公園的國家之一，地質(zhì)公園的建設(shè)工作一直走在世界前列[4]。自2001年首次批準(zhǔn)建立11個(gè)國家地質(zhì)公園后，截止到2014年12月末，國土資源部已批準(zhǔn)建立的國家地質(zhì)公園有185處，其中包括31處世界地質(zhì)公園(中國國土資源公報(bào)，2014)。……