Macroeconomic Research Under The Age Of Big Data

Abstract：In the era of big data， a variety of real-time data available throughout the entire community and even the world economy has undergone fundamental changes in macroeconomic research has entered a new era in the environment， but also to businesses facing opportunities and challenges.This article from the revolutionary big data for macroeconomic analysis of the paper discusses the opportunities and challenges for the next era of big data macro positive face， but also made big macroeconomic data research strategies.

Key words：Big Data era； Macroeconomic； Research

With the development of Internet technology and the increasing popularity of fast growth in the amount of data using conventional tool data can not be collected， processed， stored and calculated within a certain time， so in order to \"PB\" unit data information system came into being ， referred to as big data， whereby the human society entered the era of big data. It is not only a large number of storage and high speed aging. Big Data era is affecting every aspect of society as a whole. From an economic perspective， the era of big data will gradually affect all areas of the economy， at present， the macroeconomic analysis of how to apply big data technology has become a global focus of attention， but our macroeconomic research under the era of big data， inadequate attention this is the main significance of this paper.

1. Big Data Revolutionary Macroeconomic Analysis

（1） Big Data in large part to broaden the sources of information

Real-time data is a significant variation in the mass of data Times. The traditional economy relies mainly on the analysis of data samples， in the era of big data， sorting through a variety of computing systems， data is obtained overall itself. For example， e-commerce sites in each transaction performed， the turnover of the transaction information can be recorded. And comprehensive range of available data on macroeconomic analysis is very important， we can accurately understand the macro-economic situation， according to the situation and make the right macroeconomic projections， so as to formulate sound macroeconomic policies. These advantages are traditional economic analysis can not be surpassed.

（2） Under the era of big data information acquisition speed， high aging

Analysis of the traditional economy depends mainly on a large number of structured data， and data collection is slow， information timeliness is not strong， there is a lot of lag. For example， companies often have to announce GDP extreme lag for a long time， which can not be kept informed of the macroeconomic situation， not giving the right macroeconomic projections， and thus can not make sound economic policies. Information gathering speed Big Data era is not only the front， such as search engines require a few minutes before the information can be user queries to personalized recommendation algorithm requires as much as possible in real time， and the Internet for information， you can make every individuals can obtain real-time information you want. Use the following era of big data information in real time， improve the timeliness of macroeconomic projections， to provide the most effective information for the formulation of macroeconomic policies.

（3） Big Data era has brought macroeconomic analysis methodology changes

Measurement traditional economy are based on statistics. But with the increasing amount of information and improve the information processing capability， the method of economic analysis might change from sample statistics for the general census， which is of great significance for macroeconomic analysis. Many complex macroeconomic analysis， if macroeconomic variables analysis， as far as possible be based on the behavior of economic agents and on other economic variables as possible abandon his original hypothesis testing that way， will undoubtedly improve the accuracy of macroeconomic analysis are important role. Macroeconomic analysis， there will be many uncertainties that affect the economy， and its conclusions will be subjected to questioning， then we should focus on reliable correlation between mining and take advantage of the correlation between economic forecast， the development of role， so as to provide a broader space for macroeconomic analysis.

（4） Big Data era promoted the innovative techniques of macroeconomic analysis of

Traditional economic analysis techniques rely mainly on relational macroeconomic data， through statistics， information and data are scattered， not structured data， complex and diverse data sources， is not conducive to statistical analysis. While some have use of computer statistics， but rarely used data processing technology. Big Data era of macroeconomic analysis， has been able to use data processing techniques， such as machine language， using machine image， speech recognition， natural language processing， has achieved great success， which greatly improve the ability of macroeconomic analysis， and can comprehensive analysis of the massive amounts of data to improve the accuracy of the data analysis.

2. Opportunities And Challenges For The Next Big Data Era Facing Macroeconomic

（1） Macroeconomic analysis under the era of big data challenge

Features big data era， offers a wide variety of macroeconomic data base analysis， development and application of large data analysis techniques also make macroeconomic analysis method has changed to improve the economic analysis of the accuracy and timeliness of scientific.

1. Data range， wide source of a wide variety of types

Now， the world's annual data growth rate of surprising， large-scale data. After many years of accumulation and macroeconomic statistics， already we have a large number of structured data， however， in the era of big data， not only structured data， but also contains large amounts of unstructured data， with a macroeconomic analysis to a large amount of data is no longer rely solely on statistics only statistics department to improve the accuracy and scientific macroeconomic analysis， but also broaden the macroeconomic sphere.

2. The era of big data more intelligent data analysis

Despite the development of information technology， time has been very long， but the use of information technology for small component of macroeconomic analysis， the scope of its application is relatively narrow， relatively few on-line analysis techniques and data applications developed. In a large scale algorithm graphics， word processing large amounts of data MapReduce and the Hadoop distributed processing as a representative of non-relational data， taking advantage of the characteristics of its own capable of parallel operation of large-scale data and operation is simple and easy to use characteristics， not only for macroeconomic provide a more convenient， more efficient data collection and analysis， processing platform and a variety of precise methods of analysis， but also improves the accuracy of macro-economic and scientific analysis.

3. The data acquisition and processing to achieve a real-time

A large number of real-time data along with the rapid development of the Internet and produce. As new conference conducted through the various networks and other microblogging platforms， sites， individuals can publish personal opinions and attitudes of some things by gathering information. Analysis of these data and information on the immediate transfer of the macroeconomic situation also plays an important role. Through data processing and analysis platform， capable of real-time

data tracking and timely access to relevant information quickly obtained data analysis and processing， thus improving the timeliness of macroeconomic provide more effective information for the formulation of macroeconomic policies， and won more decision-making time.

（2） Under the macroeconomic challenges facing the era of big data

Although in the era of big data for macroeconomic analysis provides a lot of opportunities， but because in the era of big data， more extensive variety of data sources， data processing technology is not yet mature， a variety of related system is not perfect， Therefore， the macroeconomic analysis of big data era also face challenges from various aspects.

1.The data consolidation difficult.

Under the era of big data on macroeconomic analysis were the main problems facing the reliability data is information. First， the data source big data era of wide range， many of them from the network， the authenticity and accuracy of the data has not been confirmed， and some research， the more 1 data； Second， in addition to digital data， but also contains a lot of text， images， video and other semi-structured or unstructured data， largely increased data integration efforts. These are increasing the difficulty of data processing.

2. The data is difficult to guarantee the safety factor

Currently， the issue of data security is the biggest challenge facing the next era of data. First， the era of big data collection and collation of data， will make those who have a high value， highly sensitive data set， it will attract a lot of potential attackers， giving criminals create opportunity for enterprises or society security risks； the second is the data stored in non-relational databases， because the database there are some security risks in terms of data protection， but also need to strengthen data security continues to improve； third is the broad range of data sources， increases their Location data and confidential data protection more difficult.

3. The lack of use of Big Data technologies macroeconomic analysis talent

Although the concept of big data has been generated in very early， but it is only the last few years to the rapid development， it has been a concern of the government， enterprises and scholars. However， in the world， able to master the use of big data and macroeconomic analysis and personnel to deal with the relatively scarce， so this to be the next big data context， the biggest obstacle to macroeconomic analysis.

4. era of big data， macroeconomic analysis platform yet to be developed

Different industry has its own unique characteristics of the industry， therefore， treatment of data will differ， which need to adapt to different sectors of big data analytics platform. In recent years， rapid development of information technology， there have been many different data technology platform， but for data analysis and development platform is still lacking depending on the characteristics of the industry， is particularly suitable for analysis of large macroeconomic data collection and processing techniques yet to be developed.

3. Big Data Research And Application Of Macroeconomic

Macroeconomic research Big Data era focused on macroeconomic data mining， macroeconomic forecasting， macroeconomic analysis and macroeconomic policy in these four areas.

（1） Macroeconomic data mining era of Big Data

In the era of big data， macroeconomic survey is the data mining process. With the development of Internet technology， data is growing， source route data also increases inevitably will \"noise.\" Traditional economic analysis survey methods at big data era data collection becomes more and more behind， therefore， the use of computer technology for data collection consequent called \"data mining.\" Data mining is the use of multi-network software build machine learning models， from the original access to information on the network through certain methods for data filtering， leaving only valuable information， and then processed to extract useful information， into structured data. From a macroeconomic perspective， according to the data sources， data mining into two categories： First， the amount of information collected. Such data mining the main source of information for a wide range of rapid renewal of this aspect of the proposed solutions， an effective solution to the problems caused by data lag. Second is the number of non-collected information. Mainly for text， image， video information， the number of non-collate the information， dig out a structured， digital information， and also face the daunting task of unstructured data into structured data. Using data mining era of big data， we can achieve real-time information， improve timeliness.

（2） Macroeconomic projections era of Big Data

Great era of real-time data and timeliness of information， in order to provide timely macroeconomic forecasting possible， the amount of information sources and provides a wide range of conditions for accurate predictions. Big Data era macroeconomic projections will be more scientific and reasonable， practical and effective. Big data is the most important macroeconomic forecasts now predict. Now forecast mainly for what has happened， because of the difficult access to information， it is difficult to obtain accurate information between only speculate estimate based on the information that has been made. In macroeconomics， now often used to predict， for example， at the end of this month to the estimated gross domestic product， we need to use is now forecast， GDP because this month has already occurred， but can not immediately get to the specific data can only rely on the relevant data to predict. Traditional economic forecast depends mainly on survey data， it will result in data information lag， resulting in macroeconomic volatility， the era of big data under the data to achieve a real-time， the macroeconomic projections provide a more efficient method.

（3） Macroeconomic analysis of big data era

In the era of big data capacity， humans can analyze and process vast amounts of information has increased significantly， mostly relies on machine learning algorithms， that is， the input to the computer input and output information， according to the algorithm， the input and output variables to establish some kind of economic relations. Many types of machine learning algorithms， such as linear data analysis， decision trees， genetic algorithms， and so on. And in terms of image recognition， voice， natural language processing， also made great achievements， the main technical data great era of macroeconomic analysis. Machine learning is trying to acquire new skills in order by computer simulation of human learning or behavior， then re-organization already has a body of knowledge， continuous improvement. Machine learning models to promote the continuous improvement of macro-economic analysis， in turn， macroeconomic analysis also contributed to the continuous improvement and perfection of machine learning models.

（4） Macroeconomic policy-making under the era of big data

Government's macroeconomic policies thanks to the advent of the era of big data. Government in the formulation of policies， access through the large real-time data information for policy makers to win more space， thus improving the quality of public services， better public services to provide effective guidance. The arrival of Big Data era has brought a great impact for the government statistical work and the economy. First， as the next era of big data， the development of economic analysis， the government should put the new technology into the economic analysis of government statistical work， make full use of economic analysis of big data technology to provide the conditions for change government statistics. Second， the era of big data brings not only structured data， unstructured data as well， the government should pay attention not only structured data， but also to focus on unstructured data mining to find a more appropriate economic data. Strengthen the use of the Internet data mining can not only get the amount of data， you can also get a lot of images， voice， video and other data. Finally， the Government should increase the ways statistics， great way to get the data is very extensive， the government can not just rely on their own power to collect information， statistics should be extended to outside the Government， through a variety of well-known websites to get themselves unable available data resources.

4. the next big data era macroeconomic development strategies

（1） Build a good environment for the development of large data Macroeconomic Analysis

Good big data environment for development， will provide a good atmosphere for macroeconomic developments. First， the government should attach great importance to large data applications in macroeconomic analysis， take advantage of Big Data era has brought technological advantages， vigorously promote economic big data analysis techniques， to give strong support in terms of funding and policies to guide enterprises towards a better direction. At the same time to increase investment in scientific research efforts to the development of real-time tracking technology. Secondly， in terms of the enterprise， business leaders must be clear of large data analysis on the macroeconomic role， vigorously promote economic big data analysis techniques to accelerate the promotion of traditional economic analysis to advanced methods of conversion rate of integration of existing resources， to update the macro technical and economic analysis. Finally， on the research and development institutions， should develop more big data analytics technology professionals continue to refine the technology and development， continue to strengthen cooperation between interdisciplinary areas， strengthen cooperation among scholars and technical personnel in the field of economic communication， enhance mutual understanding between each other in the field， in order to better play to their functions， promote each other and improve the applicability of economic analysis techniques for economic Research.

（2） Promote data collection and collation

In the era of big data， massive information collection and collation， macroeconomic analysis is undoubtedly the most complex job， the most important is a ring， which directly determines the macroeconomic projections and macroeconomic policy-making accuracy， scientific. Therefore， when large data collection， collectors should be more professional， to master the process of data collection， and to experience. Also， continuously widening of access to macroeconomic data， data collection， preservation and analysis work to develop a strict management order， and in strict accordance with procedures.

（3） Big Data to improve the level of development of macroeconomic analysis

Under the era of big data， research and development of macroeconomic analysis technology is through computer algorithm researcher economic analysts for communication， so that the algorithm researchers better understand the process of macroeconomic analysis in order to develop more targeted for macroeconomic analysis of the technology platform， such as the need for macroeconomic analysis program optimization， you need to understand the requirements of macroeconomic analysts， researchers and computer algorithms can be suitably optimized according to the analyst， the macroeconomic analysis provides a better platform .

Also， you can build a computer model of macroeconomic forecasting， intensify the development of macroeconomic forecasting software to improve macroeconomic forecasting accuracy.

（4） Strengthen the training of personnel macroeconomic analysis

Training personnel for the macroeconomic area， the need to strengthen the link between computers， strengthen macroeconomic analysis of the technical staff to understand big data， and the analysis of more specialized staff training to enhance their professional level. In addition to the training of professional knowledge in the field of macroeconomic analysis should also strengthen training in computer skills to operate in the field， so they can skillfully use computer technology to enhance the next era of big data computer language and macroeconomic analysis techniques complement each other， increase cross interlinkages between disciplines， thereby improving the accuracy of the analysis of macroeconomic business， accelerate the development of the macroeconomic field.

5. Conclusion

Big Data era has brought a lot of data， broaden the sources of information， and improve the timeliness of information， real-time data to obtain the latest information， the macroeconomic analysis provides a great opportunity. But in the big data environment， due to the presence of large amounts of data noise， a great impact on the authenticity of the data and， therefore， macroeconomic data mining is becoming increasingly important， we need to continually improve technology to enhance the collection of various types of data and compile and provide more effective， real and practical data for the macroeconomic analysis， macroeconomic analysis for the greater advantage. We should give full play to the big data era has brought a variety of advantages to the full application of macroeconomic and continuously improve the accuracy and timeliness of macroeconomic analysis， thus promoting the rapid development of the macro economy.