谷歌AlphaGo打敗圍棋大師李世乭

□劉曉妮

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谷歌AlphaGo打敗圍棋大師李世乭

□劉曉妮

Will Artificial Intelligence defeat human intelligence？What do you think？人工智能是否能超越人類，你是怎么認為的呢？

In March，2016，a computer program has beaten a master Go1player 4-1 in a best-of-five competition，in what is seen as a landmark2moment for artificial intelligence.

在2016年3月的五番棋比賽中，計算機程序以4比1戰勝圍棋大師，創造了人工智能里程碑式的時刻。（1. Go圍棋，也作I-Go，weichi 2. landmark n.里程碑adj.有重大意義的）

Google’s AlphaGo program was playing against Lee Se-dol in Seoul，in South Korea. Mr. Lee had been confident he would win before the competition started. The Chinese board game is considered to be a much more complex challenge for a computer than chess.“AlphaGo played consistently1from beginning to the end while Lee，as he is only human，showed some mental vulnerability2，”one of Lee’s former coaches，Kwon Kap-Yong，told the AFP news agency. Mr. Lee is considered a champion Go player，having won numerous professional tournaments3in a long，successful career. Go is a game of two players who take turns putting black or white stones on a 19-by-19 grid4. Players win by surrounding their opponents5pieces with their own.

谷歌AlphaGo程序在韓國首爾與李世乭一較高下。李世乭在比賽開始之前自信滿滿，認為他會贏得這場比賽。對于計算機而言，這項中國棋盤游戲被認為比象棋更復雜。“AlphaGo從頭到尾表現穩定，而李世乭表現出一定的心理弱點，這是人之常情，”李世乭的前教練之一權甲龍告訴法新社記者。李世乭是圍棋世界冠軍，在其漫長而成功的事業生涯中贏得過多次錦標賽。在圍棋競技中，兩位選手分別輪流把黑、白棋子放在19格乘19格的棋盤上。選手用自己的棋子圍住對方的棋子則勝出。（1. consistentlyadv.堅持地2. vulnerability n.弱點3. tournament n.錦標賽；聯賽4. grid n.坐標方格5. opponent n.對手）

In the first game of the series，AlphaGo triumphed by a very narrow margin1- Mr. Lee had led for most of the match，but AlphaGo managed to build up a strong lead in its closing stages. After losing the second match to DeepMind，Lee Se- dol said he was“speechless”adding that the AlphaGo machine played a“nearly perfect game”. The two experts who provided commentary2for the stream of the third game said that it had been a complicated match to follow. They said that Lee Se-dol had brought his“top game”but that AlphaGo had won“in great style”.

在第一輪比賽中，AlphaGo以非常微弱的優勢獲勝——李世乭大部分時間都主導這一輪比賽，但AlphaGo在最后階段大幅領先。在第二輪敗給DeepMind人工智能之后，李世乭說他“無語了”，并稱贊AlphaGo進行了一場“近乎完美的比賽”。兩位在網絡直播上評說第三場比賽的專家說這是一場復雜的比賽，不容易跟進。他們說李世乭的表現是“頂級的”，但Alpha-Go“以偉大的風格”取勝。（1. margin n.邊緣2. commentary n.評論）

The AlphaGo system was developed by British computer company DeepMind which was bought by Google in 2014. It has built up its expertise1by studying older games and teasing2out patterns of play. And，according to DeepMind chief executive3Demis Hassabis，it has also spent a lot of time just playing the game.“It played itself，different versions of itself，millions and millions of times and each time got incrementally4slightly better - it learns from its mistakes，”he told the BBC before the matches started.

AlphaGo系統由英國計算機公司開發，該公司于2014年被谷歌收購。它通過研究過去的比賽梳理出游戲方式從而建立了自身的專業知識。并且，據DeepMind的首席執行官杰米斯·哈薩比斯介紹，它花了大量的時間下棋。“它和自己下棋，和自己的不同版本下，下了成千上萬次，每一次都能逐漸地提升——它從失敗的經驗中學習，”他在比賽開始前告訴BBC（英國廣播公司）。（1. expertise n.專家的2. tease v.取笑；戲弄3. executive n.總經理4. incrementally adv.逐漸地）