空氣泡沫驅提高采收率技術氣體爆炸極限值初探

空氣泡沫驅提高采收率技術氣體爆炸極限值初探

薛媛，王成俊，江紹靜，洪玲，王宏

(陜西延長石油(集團)有限責任公司研究院, 陜西西安 710075)

摘要：空氣泡沫驅提高采收率技術的安全問題一直是制約其發展的“瓶頸”。在氣體爆炸理論的基礎上，推導出天然氣與空氣混合爆炸工程估算公式，計算得出甲烷的定容爆炸壓力為0.86MPa，點火溫度為573℃。通過室內實驗結果分析得出，甲烷爆炸下限值隨著溫度、壓力升高，空氣量的增加，升高幅度不大，而上限值急劇下降，當惰性氣體與甲烷比值大于6時進入不爆范圍。現場試驗表明，該技術提高采收率效果明顯且安全可靠，適于油田推廣應用。

關鍵詞：空氣泡沫驅；提高采收率；安全性；爆炸極限值

中圖分類號:TE357.7

基金項目:陜西延長石油(集團)有限責任公司項目“延長東部油區空氣泡沫驅配套技術研究及先導試驗”(ycsy2010ky-A-12)資助。

作者簡介：第一薛媛(1980年生)，女，碩士，工程師，2009年畢業于西北農林科技大學，從事低滲透油田提高采收率技術的研究。郵箱：xueyuanmail@126.com。

Preliminary Analysis on Explosion Limits of EOR by Air-foam Flooding

Xue Yuan, Wang Chengjun, Jiang Shaojing, Hong Ling, Wang Hong

(ResearchInstituteofShaanxiYanchangPetroleum(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an,Shaanxi710075,China)

Abstract：The security of EOR by air-foam flooding has always been a bottleneck restricting the application of this technology. According to the gas explosion theory, based on the derived gas and air mixture explosion estimation formula, it was calculated that the constant volume explosion pressure of methane was 0.86MPa and the ignition temperature was 573 ℃. It was difficult to achieve the constant volume explosion pressure and the ignition temperature in the context of oil reservoirs. The results obtained by laboratory analysis showed that the lower limit of methane explosion increased marginally when the temperature, pressure, air volume increased, while the upper limit had a sharp decline when the inert gas/methane explosion was greater than 6, and the mixture did not enter the range. Field test showed that the effect was good and the technology was safe, and it was applicable for oilfields.

Key words: air-foam flooding; EOR; security; explosion limits

空氣泡沫驅提高采收率技術融合了空氣驅油和泡沫驅油的雙重優勢，是一項富有創造性的提高采收率的新方法，它不僅具有調剖和驅油的雙重功能，而且還克服了空氣驅氣竄的缺點[1-5]。但空氣泡沫驅也存在缺陷，最核心的問題便是安全性問題，即石油伴生氣中氧氣含量超過臨界值時易發生爆炸。

近年來，呂鑫[6]等從理論角度針對氣體爆炸極限和氧氣的消耗進行了分析，但國內尚未見從實驗角度分析空氣泡沫驅中氣體爆炸極限值的報道。……