地震河道檢測技術在鄂爾多斯盆地上古生界的應用

地震河道檢測技術在鄂爾多斯盆地上古生界的應用

賀曉1，焦健1，許建權2，許小強1

(1.陜西延長石油(集團)有限責任公司研究院，陜西西安 710075；

2.中國石油勘探開發研究院西北分院，甘肅蘭州 730020)

摘要：鄂爾多斯盆地上古生界河道砂體縱向相互疊置，橫向變化快，非均質性強，屬于典型的低孔低滲巖性油氣藏，河道砂體的預測難度大。為解決這一問題，探索、試驗和應用了多種先進適用的技術方法，包括古地貌分析、地震振幅屬性分析、頻譜分解、地震相分類和吸收系數等現有疊后分析技術，在鄂爾多斯盆地內不同研究區塊開展了針對巖性油氣藏的河道地震技術應用研究，精細刻畫了河道沉積的特征。應用實踐表明，結合鄂爾多斯盆地內不同研究區塊的地質特點，選擇和利用上述地震技術能夠有效識別盆地內上古生界巖性油氣藏的河道砂體，效果較好。同時還形成了一套適合鄂爾多斯盆地的河道識別技術系列，為鄂爾多斯盆地陸相河道研究提供了借鑒。

關鍵詞：疊后；頻譜分解；地震相分類；吸收系數

中圖分類號：P631.44

作者簡介：第一賀曉(1978年生)，男，碩士研究生，現從事石油天然氣勘探研究工作。郵箱：273527639@qq.com。

Application of Seismic Techniques to Upper Paleozoic Channel

Detection in Ordos Basin

He Xiao1, Jiao Jian1，Xu Jianquan2，Xu Xiaoqiang1

(1.ResearchInstituteofShaanxiYanchangPetroleum(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an,Shaanxi710075,China；2.NorthwestBranch

ofPetroChinaResearchInstituteofExplorationandDevelopment,Lanzhou,Gansu730020,China)

Abstract:It is very hard to identify the channel sand body of Upper Paleozoic in Ordos Basin, because of its vertical overlying, dramatic lateral, and strong heterogeneity. It is typical lithologic reservoir of low porosity and low permeability. To solve the problem, multiple advanced techniques were explored, tested and applied, such as Paleogeomorphology analysis, seismic amplitude analysis, spectral decomposition, seismic facies classification, absorption coefficient and other techniques for post-stack analysis. Application research on channel seismic techniques for lithologic reservoirs in different areas of Ordos Basin was carried out, and channel sedimentary features were described subtly. Application showed that these seismic techniques could effectively identify channel sands of Upper Paleozoic in Ordos Basin, combined with the geological characteristics of different study areas in the Basin. Meanwhile, systematic channel identification techniques applicable for Ordos Basin were developed, providing a reference for continental facies channel research in Ordos Basin.

Key words: post-stack; spectral decomposition; facies classification; absorption coefficient

鄂爾多斯盆地上古生界屬于海陸交互—陸相沉積環境，儲層為分流河道砂巖，由于河道變遷頻繁，砂泥巖相互疊置，單砂體厚度薄，儲層非均質性強[1-6]。以往研究河道的方法通常在常規地震剖面上進行，沿層切片分析并進行常規屬性(如振幅、相位、頻率屬性)的提取。……