陳林志等
【摘要】中藥制劑治療冠心病心絞痛具有一定的臨床優勢,但其劑型較多,如丸散劑、膠囊劑、片劑、膏劑、注射劑、氣霧劑、敷貼劑等,且不同的劑型對于冠心病心絞痛的治療均具有良好的臨床療效。本文分析各種劑型的臨床應用特點后,提出了研發中藥制劑治療冠心病心絞痛的發展方向,一是中藥制劑必須考慮劑型選擇,應多選擇氣霧劑和注射劑;二是加強新劑型或進行劑型改革,如開發穴位敷貼劑、將平片改制成緩釋片等;三是圍繞冠心病心絞痛的臨床治則開展新理論與新方藥的探討,以取得新的發現與突破。
【關鍵詞】冠心病心絞痛;中藥;劑型
【中圖分類號】R2562,R285【文獻標志碼】 A【文章編號】1007-8517(2015)14-0022-02
Abstract:There are advantages to the treatment of Angina pectoris of coronary heai disease by traditional Chinese medicine. There are many forms of traditional Chinese medicine in clinical applications, such as pill, powder, capsule, tablet, preparation, injection, aerosol, etc. Different forms of traditional Chinese medicine have a different effects. The article analyzes the characteristics of various forms of traditional Chinese medicine in clinical application, and put forward the development directions. The one is that the formulations must be considered to study Chinese medicine, the forms of injection and aerosol are better; the second is that the new formulations must be developed or reform the dosage forms; the third is that we should explore new theories and new prescriptions in order to make new discoveries and breakthroughs.
Keywords:Angina pectoris of coronary heai disease;traditional Chinese medicine;dosage form
冠心病心絞痛屬于中醫“胸痹”范疇,是以膻中或左胸部發作性憋悶、疼痛為主要臨床表現的一種病證,輕者偶發短暫輕微的胸部沉悶或隱痛,或為發作性膻中或左胸含糊不清的不適感;重者疼痛劇烈,或呈壓榨樣絞痛[1]。由于本病特殊的發病特點,對于中藥的劑型要求較高,了解不同劑型的中藥制劑治療冠心病心絞痛的特點,對于開發臨床新藥、提高臨床療效具有重要意義。
1丸散劑
丸散劑是中醫臨床用藥的傳統劑型,以其藥力持久、便于儲存和服用、節約原材料等特點沿用至今。此類方劑多具有芳香止痛、散寒溫通、活血化瘀等作用,如漢代張仲景《金匱要略》中的烏頭赤石脂丸;宋代《和劑局方》中的蘇合香丸、失笑散;清代丁堯臣《奇效良方》中的拈痛丸以及《素問病機氣宜保命集》中的金鈴子散等。……