during which與during which time的異同

曾克輝

在學習定語從句時，許多同學對during which和during which time的用法混淆不清，認為它們沒有什么區別，甚至認為during which time中的time是多余的。其實，during which和during which time在用法上是不一樣的。現歸納如下：

during which的用法

during which相當于during the time/the period/the course of ...，既可用于限制性定語從句，也可用于非限制性定語從句；可指時間，也可指過程或階段等。意為“在……期間，在……過程中，在……階段”等。

1. during which 用于限制性定語從句時，修飾對象為先行詞，先行詞在定語從句中表示“在……期間，在……過程中”。例如：

September and October are the months of the year during which most English people take their holidays.

一年中9、10兩個月是大多數英國人休假的月份。

點撥 句中的during which = and during the time of the months of the year，表示“一年中的這兩個月間”。

In 1988， Vietnam and china fought a brief naval battle during which more than 70 Vietnamese sailors died.

1988年，越南和中國曾進行過一次小規模海戰，70多名越南士兵在戰斗中喪生。

點撥 句中的during which = and during the course of the brief naval battle，表示“小規模海戰期間”。

2. during which 用于非限制性定語從句時，不修飾整個句子，只修飾句子中的某個詞（組），被修飾的詞（組），在從句中表“在……期間，在……過程中”。例如：

She kept her vow for a week， during which she was unusually cross and fretful.

她信守誓言有一星期之久，但在這一星期內，她顯得五心煩躁，動不動就發脾氣。

點撥 句中的during which=and during the time of the week，表示“在這一星期期間”。

He died in the Anti-Japanese War， during which my grandfather fought side by side with him.

他在抗日戰爭中為國捐軀，在抗戰期間，我祖父曾與他并肩戰斗過。

點撥 句中的during which=and during the period of the Anti-Japanese War，表示“在抗日戰爭期間”。

during which time的用法

during which time相當于during the time when/that-clause，指時間概念，表示“在……期間”。

1. during which time通常用于非限制性定語從句，修飾前面的主句，側重點不在于主句中的時間名詞，而是整個句子。例如：

It took two years for me to get better， during which time he spoon-fed me and did absolutely everything around the house.

我過了兩年時間才好起來，其間他喂我進食，并承擔全部的家務。

點撥 句中的during which time = and during the time when / that it took two years for me to get better 表示“我過了兩年時間才好起來”的整個過程。

He spent four years in college， during which time he studied medicine.

他上了四年大學，這期間他學了醫學。

點撥 句中的during which time=and during the time when / that he spent four years in college，表示“他上了四年大學”的整個過程。