Intellectual Narration:Restoration of the Emotional Criticism“Paradigm”and the Artistic Media “Style”〔*〕

Deng Chuanjun

(School of Literature and Journalism Shandong University，Jinan Shandong 250022)

Ⅰ．Restoration of the problem

A great transition of human language narration is the one from national narration to literati narration，which starts from the Jian’an literature in Chinese history．Jian’an literature first turns polite letters into emotional literature．Liu Xie redefines the style property of national narration and personal narration in The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons．Undoubtedly，the past literature is all about the clan society，including the works of Confucius，Qu Yuan and philoso-phy and literature，all of which are proposition literature on ethnic and national narration．Literature has begun to explore the personal emotional world after the Jian’an literature，the literature style of the Wen and Jin Dynasty has opened up the literature style of literati and folk art，since when Chinese literature has stepped into the times of humanity and literati，which is in line with the judgment of the Marxist historical materialism and is evidenced by the cultural evolution of Chinese narration history．

Marx once remarked that the historical domain of emotional context is“the same with the situation of all organism”when analyzing the function of capitalist society．Lenin also noted that“it is required by dialectical method that we should regard the society as a living organism”．Obviously，emotion，as the most complicated psychological existence，refers to various moods，such as happiness，anger and sadness，which consist of the style of human artistic mode．

Emotion，coming from the historical accumulation of ethnic groups，belongs to the change of historical field．Emotion in the literature works is an important and complex problem，whose detailed connotation in different historical and cultural backgrounds should be explored．This paper tries to examine the existence and mode of emotion in the relationship between humans and gods，humans and poetry，humans and politics and humans and nature by means of the detailed historical and cultural context．The contemporary“artistic style”generally refers to the artistic situation，such as star styles and model styles，which has replaced the understanding of artistic works and the recognition of artistic genre in terms of art spread and media presentation．

Our emotion comes from the cultural model of the mass，namely the paradigm，which expresses the awareness of theme of the mass．However，the emotion critics hold that the expression of mass emotion will fight against the established rules and efface their resistance consciousness，thus turning resistance into“harmless fantasy”．It will be a huge project to fully sort out the theoretical system of Chinese emotional culture．

It seems that paradigm and style need to be restored．That is to say，the rejuvenation of Chinese culture first needs a basic judgment of the restoration of current narration．We should return to the people’s character of literature，as is mentioned by Chairman Xi Jinping．The emotion of the new era expressed by wind，flower，snow and moon，namely romantic themes，comes from the media mode of social foundation and the judgment of Marxist historical materialism．

Ⅱ．Restoration routes

1．Subject restoration

Any methodology and hermeneutic can be nothing but ignoring humans if literature critics don’t come back to the“l(fā)iterature domain”．Different from the heroic epic spread by western troubadours，the concept of ethnic group is deeply rooted in Chinese cultural system with the focus on rural areas，as is evidenced by the historical accumulation and the passing down of customs．Obviously，emotional context has become a subject of anthropology，however，once the literature context is established，emotional context will turn into sociological subject，where the establishment of culture constitutes the expansion of the contextual subject of Chinese culture．

The return of context primarily lies in the mass literature．We should study the sociology and anthropology of country literature and establish country culture，thus we can return to country context by combining popular folk customs and elegant culture．

2．Aesthetic restoration

The study on returning to emotion has become the key of the discussion on“nature and culture”of anthropology and“biological property and cultural property”since 1970s．Obviously，this key problem is limited to the exploration of psychological methodology．The mutual transformation of“presupposed relationship between physical and mental”and cultural practice can be mentioned in some not so main － stream researches，among which some concepts are from the different versions of traditional Chinese schools involving the inner mechanism of emotion and its fundamental influence on the external mode of human culture．Since scholars are very curious about the metaphor of mass context in the domain of anthropology，it has become a dream where literature turns from royal temple to the folk to construct a mass literature mechanism by means of the metaphorical literature mechanism．

The context and the perspective of context of poetry are the formation of the concept that words cannot express all one intends to say and so establish lively and concrete images to express abstract meaning，which is quite close to the recognition of the nature of modern literature．Context establishes the inner literature context and nurtures valuable affection as well as the relationship between physical and mental．In one word，literature context should be the cleanest ihram and the most beautiful shrine to build the talent，quality and critics of context．

3．Ethnic group affiliation

The literature instinct evolved from context is the socialization of individuals and the mass．Western scholars have revealed many fields which can undergo ritual return in the study of anthropology，thus forming the western postmodernism context．Culture return should be ethnic group － oriented，and the saying“writing Chinese characters”is about the safeguard of language ethnic group．The linguistic construction by literature has always been the label of core quality of each nation and the channel of cultural communication．Chinese culture retains the social identity and social value of poetic prose by literature caring context．

Literature domain is based on the basic social group;therefore，the basic social conditions of the authors tend to be neglected when literature critics try to construct a literature domain．Literature aims at returning to the original true feeling and all literature state and social effect should be based on the returning of basic group mode．How to construct a new country with folk customs，folk livelihood and folk rights has always been a topic of China’s anthropology and sociology．The aesthetic paradigm is required to reproduce or record the contextual memory．Emotion is a traceless psychological structure to express the identity with the paradigm．Apparently，literature context is not only the foundation of the study on literature and history，but the most precious cultural preservation of an ethnic group．

4．Self－ restraint restoration

It is the core of national faith and portrayal of national bosom of mind to improve contextual literacy．It is because of the calling of human rationality of literature context and the promise of social domain that all types of literature can survive and develop over thousands of years，which is the foundation of literature．

Literature context is a type of“domain”，which is mainly manifested as the interpersonal subject behavior．The correctness of literature context is not depend on the suitability of any agreement，but is decided by the way and level of textual transformation．Literature context can free people out of the silent history，build brand new social organizations and establish the new mode and development path of mass literature．Indeed，literature spirit is a“great”state of mind，and the needed cultural confidence is to seek understanding．We must rely on“ourselves”to be self－confident and make a fresh start of our native culture．

5．Transmission restoration

The whole modern contextual theory is quite in line with literature critics．The critic viewpoint of literature domain is to discuss literature on the shift of domain of emotional context instead of giving literature too much public critics beyond group context．The contribution of literature context lies in dispelling the shadow of public domain of social context over the public and building real mass context，thus revitalizing the national mass tradition and building new literature climate for modern global language groups．

The expression of emotional context aims at realizing confirmation of the mass identity，which cannot be identified by modern rational instrument or by the return of interpretation instrument or the redefinition of national character．As the“l(fā)iterature sample”under study，contextual critics are“hidden”in the mind or linguistic communities of certain groups of people．

Ⅲ．Conclusion— innovation of emotional narration

With the new times，new readers and new society，our new literature should be the revolutionary narration of the reality．We can nurture our emotion little by little on the premise that we have life，and literature is the context of our life，namely paradigm．In one word，the elements of literature domain and critics should be constructed in the context．Emotional care and emotional motivation are the foundation of languages and even the context of literature as well as the basis of social domain related to human culture．Chinese traditional literature and modern literature are the carrier and expression of mass emotional context，which is also the only cultural and popular means to realize national rejuvenation．

Despite that we have returned to the tradition of ethnic narration，we have our own explanation mechanism of folk narration and intellectual narration．Indeed，emotional context with its artistic style has borne the responsibility of literature and the value of critics，can fully explain Chinese literary works and set an example for the modern mass literature，however，we are faced with new narrative mode of the world and the new pattern of Chinese in the globalization．Chinese literature is mainly manifested in the mutual explanation of the spread of vernacular and global Chinese media．Meanwhile，how to reconstruct context in modern mass media and traditional characters and establish the literature mode on the basis of modern media deserves our attention，which is also the conclusion of the paper．

Therefore，both elite criticism paradigm and media style need to revisit their own practical aesthetic system in the contemporary times and extract the“style”，namely essence to nurture the emotion of the mass．It is concluded，as is expected by Chairman Xi Jinping，that we should bring people confidence and faith，bring our nation confidence and fresh start and bring our society confidence and uprightness．

Notes:

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