999精品在线视频,手机成人午夜在线视频,久久不卡国产精品无码,中日无码在线观看,成人av手机在线观看,日韩精品亚洲一区中文字幕,亚洲av无码人妻,四虎国产在线观看 ?

基于貝葉斯動態面板數據模型的中國出口貿易地區結構研究

2014-06-28 07:27:36朱慧明歐陽文靜游萬海??
財經理論與實踐 2014年2期
關鍵詞:匯率波動

朱慧明++歐陽文靜++游萬海??

摘 要:運用貝葉斯動態面板數據模型考量中國出口貿易的地區結構差異性,結果表明:基于Gibbs抽樣算法的貝葉斯動態面板回歸模型能有效刻畫各地區出口競爭力的路徑依賴特征;FDI對出口競爭力的影響具有一定的時滯性,而匯率波動對出口競爭力的影響則具有明顯的地域差異性。

關鍵詞: 出口貿易;動態隨機效應;貝葉斯分析;FDI;匯率波動

中圖分類號:F746.12;O212.8 文獻標識碼: A 文章編號:1003-7217(2014)02-0109-07

一、引 言

面板數據由Mundlak引入到計量經濟學研究中,結合了截面數據和時間序列數據的優點,通過截距項刻畫個體差異在數據調整過程中的動態變化,有效減少了數據生成過程中由于加總產生的偏誤,充分利用更多數據的信息,提高參數估計的有效性和準確性[1-2]。Balestra和Nerlove發現大量經濟變量表現出動態滯后效應,即經濟變量數據除了受當期因素的影響,還會受到非本期因素的影響。為刻畫動態滯后效應,在靜態面板數據模型中引入滯后被解釋變量,構建動態面板數據模型。該模型可以用于描述多個經濟變量之間的動態關系,被廣泛應用于金融、經濟、管理等領域[3]。Egger P建立動態面板數據模型發現雙邊貿易和FDI之間的關系互補[4-5]。Chiara認為垂直型FDI把生產的不同階段放到不同國家,由此帶動中間投入品的進口和產成品的出口[6]。Marc Auboin用最大似然估計法發現,匯率的不確定性對出口有顯著的負面影響[7]。Tang Kin Boon用異質面板協整檢驗驗證了出口需求函數的變量之間的協整關系,研究發現外債對出口的影響因貨幣貶值的幅度而改變[8,9]。Ciarret構建面板數據模型研究發現能源價格和GDP電力消費有雙向因果關系[10]。為揭示經濟學理論的動態關系,一些學者研究動態面板數據模型的參數估計問題,提出三種主要的參數估計方法:廣義矩(Generalized Methods of Moments,GMM)方法,校正的最小二乘虛擬變量估計法(Least Squares with Dummy Variable,LSDV)和層次貝葉斯估計法。Anderson 使用工具變量方法對含有一階差分變量的動態面板模型進行估計,得到了模型參數的一致性估計[11]。但工具變量法在估計時忽視了隨機誤差項的結構,因此估計量不具有有效性。Holtz-Eakin在Anderson工具變量估計法的基礎上,研究了時變參數的向量自回歸模型的參數估計問題[12]。Arrelano將一階差分廣義矩(GMM)估計方法引入到動態面板數據的估計中[13]。Maurice用局內變量或者前定變量的滯后值作為工具變量來估計參數[14],提高了模型參數估計的有效性。HsinChen研究GMM估計量的大樣本性質,發現當動態面板數據模型中存在高度序列自相關性時,GMM估計量是有偏差的[15]。Hahn采用校正的最小二乘虛擬變量估計量去估計參數,發現當時間維數比較小時,校正的最小二乘虛擬變量估計量比GMM方法更精確[16]。Giovanni針對模型存在的個體異質性提出廣義最小二乘法,并通過蒙特卡洛研究發現廣義最小二乘估計有最小的偏差和均方根誤差[17]。

貝葉斯統計推斷技術特別是馬爾科夫鏈蒙特卡洛(MCMC)穩態模擬技術的發展,為動態面板數據模型的研究提供有效的途徑[18,19]。Hsiao 指出,使用層次貝葉斯方法估計隨機效應自回歸面板數據模型時,在大面板數據條件下,貝葉斯估計量與組平均估計量漸進等價。貝葉斯分析方法在動態面板數據模型參數估計的應用,可以避免GMM估計方法和最小二乘虛擬變量估計法存在的參數估計不準確、有偏的問題[20]。

本文將利用貝葉斯統計推斷理論,構建含外生變量的動態隨機效應面板模型,通過參數的分層先驗分布研究貝葉斯模型參數的后驗分布(posterior distribution),設計相應的馬爾科夫蒙特卡洛(Markov chain Monte Carlo,簡稱MCMC)抽樣算法進行模型參數估計,并對中國出口貿易地區結構的差異性進行實證分析。

二、貝葉斯動態面板數據模型構建

(一)模型結構

動態面板模型是一類重要的經濟計量模型,其數學表達形式如下:

四、結 論

本文應用動態面板數據模型研究我國地區出口貿易結構差異性,結果表明,出口貿易競爭力具有很強的路徑依賴特征。因此要縮小地區發展差距需要一個長期的過程,需要不斷引導外商直接投資向中西部地區轉移,加強和完善中西部地區的優惠政策和基礎設施建設。同時,FDI的流入在促進出口時存在一定的時滯性,即FDI的流入須經過早期投入和生產過程后才能促進出口。從地域差別的角度來看,FDI的流入加劇了地區出口貿易發展的不平衡,說明東部、中部和西部地區出口貿易競爭力對人民幣匯率波動的敏感性存在顯著差異,即越開放的地區對人民幣匯率波動越敏感。

參考文獻:

[1]Rahman, Sajjadur & Serletis, Apostolos. The effects of exchange rate uncertainty on exports [J]. Journal of Macroeconomics, 2009, 31(3):500-507.

[2]Rfat Bar Tekin. Economic growth, exports and foreign direct investment in least developed countries:a panel granger causality analysis [J]. Economic Modelling, 2012, 29(3): 868-878.

[3]Balestra P, M Nerlove. Pooling cross section and time series data in the estimation of a dynamie model: the demand for natural Gas [J]. Econometrica, 1966, 34(3): 585-612.

[4]Egger P. European exports and outward foreign direct investment: a dynamic panel data approach [J]. Review of World Economics, 2009, 37(3): 427-449.

[5]蔣仁愛, 馮根福. 貿易、FDI、無形技術外溢與中國技術進步 [J]. 管理世界, 2012, 15(9): 49-60.

[6]Chiara Franco. Exports and FDI motivations:empirical evidence from US foreign subsidiaries [J]. International Business Review, 2013, 22(4): 47-62.

[7]Marc Auboin, Michel Ruta. The relationship between exchange rates and international trade: a literature review [J]. World Trade Review, 2012, 12(3): 60-77.

[8]Tang Kin Boon, Tan Hui Boon. The effect of foreign currency borrowing and financial development on exports: a dynamic panel analysis on asiapacific countries [J]. Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, 2012, 18(3): 460-476.

[9]Tsay R S, Ando T. Bayesian panel data analysis for exploring the impact of subprime financial crisis on the US stock market [J]. Computational Statistics and Data Analysis, 2012, 56(11): 3345-3365.

[10]A Ciarret, A Zarraga. Economic growthelectricity consumption causality in 12 european countries: a dynamic panel data approach [J]. Energy Policy, 2010, 38(7): 3790-3796.

[11]Anderson T W, Hsiao C. Formulation and estimation of dynamic models using panel data [J]. Joumal of Econometrics, 1982, 18(3): 47-82.

[12]Holtz Eakin D W, Neweyand H S. Estimating vector autoregressions with panel data [J]. Econometrica, 1988, 56(10): 1371-1395.

[13]Arrelano M, S R Bond. Another look at the instrumental variable estimation of errorcomponents models [J]. Journal of Econometrics, 1995, 68(3): 29-51.

[14]Maurice J G, Frank Windmeijer. The weak instrument problem of the system GMM estimator in dynamic panel data models [J]. The Econometrics Journal, 2010, 13(1): 95-126.

[15]Hsin Chen Chang, BwoNung Huang, Chin Wei Yang. Military expenditure and economic growth across different groups:a dynamic panel grangercausality approach [J]. Economic Modelling, 2011, 28(6): 416-423.

[16]Hahn J, Kuersteiner G. Asymptotically unbiased inference for a dynamic panel model with fixed effects when both n and T are large [J]. Econometrica, 2002, 70(5): 639-657.

[17]Giovanni S, Bruno. Approximating the bias of the LSDV estimator for dynamic unbalanced panel data models [J]. Economics Letters, 2005, 87(3): 361-366.

[18]李鯤鵬, 文益俊. 交互效應面板模型EM算法和MCMC算法 [J]. 數理統計與管理, 2012, 29(4): 150-161.

[19]吳俊, 賓建成. 中國商業銀行操作風險損失分布甄別與分析: 基于貝葉斯MCMC頻率方法 [J]. 財經理論與實踐,2011,32(5):8-14.

[20]Cheng Hsiao, A K Tahmiscioglu. Estimation of dynamic panel data models with both individual and timespecific effects [J]. Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference, 2008, 138(9): 698-721.

(責任編輯:姚德權)

Regional Structure of Chinese Export Trade Based on Bayesian Dynamic Panel Data Model

ZHU Huiming,OU YANG Wenjing,YOU Wanhai

. (School of Business Administration,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China).

Abstract:This paper constructs a Bayesian dynamic panel data model to address uncertain risk of inference in random coefficient, sets the corresponding prior distribution, and uses the Bayesian theorem to infer the posterior distribution of the parameters. In order to investigate the regional structure of China's export trade, we calculate the indicators export competitiveness (ECI) to measure the regional structure of China's export trade, and then conduct an empirical analysis. The results show that the Bayesian dynamic panel regression model based on Gibbs sampling algorithm can effectively capture the characteristics of the path dependence in export competitiveness of all regions. In addition, the effect of the FDI on the export competitiveness will have a lag, while the impact of the exchange rate fluctuations on the export competitiveness has obvious regional differences.

Key words:Export Trade;Dynamic Random Effects;Bayesian Analysis;Foreign Direct Investment (FDI);Exchange Rate Fluctuation

[20]Cheng Hsiao, A K Tahmiscioglu. Estimation of dynamic panel data models with both individual and timespecific effects [J]. Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference, 2008, 138(9): 698-721.

(責任編輯:姚德權)

Regional Structure of Chinese Export Trade Based on Bayesian Dynamic Panel Data Model

ZHU Huiming,OU YANG Wenjing,YOU Wanhai

. (School of Business Administration,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China).

Abstract:This paper constructs a Bayesian dynamic panel data model to address uncertain risk of inference in random coefficient, sets the corresponding prior distribution, and uses the Bayesian theorem to infer the posterior distribution of the parameters. In order to investigate the regional structure of China's export trade, we calculate the indicators export competitiveness (ECI) to measure the regional structure of China's export trade, and then conduct an empirical analysis. The results show that the Bayesian dynamic panel regression model based on Gibbs sampling algorithm can effectively capture the characteristics of the path dependence in export competitiveness of all regions. In addition, the effect of the FDI on the export competitiveness will have a lag, while the impact of the exchange rate fluctuations on the export competitiveness has obvious regional differences.

Key words:Export Trade;Dynamic Random Effects;Bayesian Analysis;Foreign Direct Investment (FDI);Exchange Rate Fluctuation

[20]Cheng Hsiao, A K Tahmiscioglu. Estimation of dynamic panel data models with both individual and timespecific effects [J]. Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference, 2008, 138(9): 698-721.

(責任編輯:姚德權)

Regional Structure of Chinese Export Trade Based on Bayesian Dynamic Panel Data Model

ZHU Huiming,OU YANG Wenjing,YOU Wanhai

. (School of Business Administration,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China).

Abstract:This paper constructs a Bayesian dynamic panel data model to address uncertain risk of inference in random coefficient, sets the corresponding prior distribution, and uses the Bayesian theorem to infer the posterior distribution of the parameters. In order to investigate the regional structure of China's export trade, we calculate the indicators export competitiveness (ECI) to measure the regional structure of China's export trade, and then conduct an empirical analysis. The results show that the Bayesian dynamic panel regression model based on Gibbs sampling algorithm can effectively capture the characteristics of the path dependence in export competitiveness of all regions. In addition, the effect of the FDI on the export competitiveness will have a lag, while the impact of the exchange rate fluctuations on the export competitiveness has obvious regional differences.

Key words:Export Trade;Dynamic Random Effects;Bayesian Analysis;Foreign Direct Investment (FDI);Exchange Rate Fluctuation

猜你喜歡
匯率波動
淺析人民幣匯率波動常態化對我國金融市場的影響
中國經貿(2016年24期)2017-03-06 00:32:10
異質預期條件下中央銀行溝通對人民幣匯率波動的影響
異質預期條件下中央銀行溝通對人民幣匯率波動的影響
匯率波動存在非對稱“杠桿效應”嗎?
以A企業為例淺析外匯風險及防范方法
中國經貿(2016年20期)2016-12-20 15:27:57
人民幣匯率與上證指數互動的實證研究
時代金融(2016年29期)2016-12-05 13:36:00
國際貿易企業如何規避匯率風險的研究
論匯率波動對跨境投資人民幣結算業務的影響
變化中的“生產率悖論”
匯率波動影響金融發展的路徑機制研究
主站蜘蛛池模板: 美女被操黄色视频网站| 亚洲日本www| 92精品国产自产在线观看| 国产96在线 | 亚洲日产2021三区在线| 无码高清专区| 精品成人一区二区| 四虎永久在线视频| 亚洲成a人片| 国产精品欧美日本韩免费一区二区三区不卡| 国产一二三区在线| 久久人搡人人玩人妻精品| 婷婷色婷婷| 67194亚洲无码| 欧美区一区| 国产青榴视频| 热这里只有精品国产热门精品| 免费国产黄线在线观看| 就去吻亚洲精品国产欧美| 日韩免费毛片| jizz国产视频| 成年人福利视频| www.狠狠| 欧美成人a∨视频免费观看| 亚洲男女天堂| 久久精品只有这里有| 手机在线免费不卡一区二| 午夜性刺激在线观看免费| 日本草草视频在线观看| 制服丝袜一区| 亚洲永久免费网站| 国产剧情一区二区| 亚洲成人播放| 国产麻豆精品久久一二三| 99视频全部免费| 亚洲性网站| 国产婬乱a一级毛片多女| 亚洲美女高潮久久久久久久| 国产精品自在拍首页视频8| 高清乱码精品福利在线视频| 亚洲视频无码| 国产成人夜色91| 98超碰在线观看| 成人另类稀缺在线观看| 国产精品私拍99pans大尺度| 四虎影视无码永久免费观看| 精品国产一区91在线| av在线无码浏览| 色亚洲成人| 99在线视频精品| 免费一级成人毛片| 日韩成人在线一区二区| 免费国产黄线在线观看| 国产日本视频91| 亚洲精品第一页不卡| 成人韩免费网站| 五月激情婷婷综合| 婷婷五月在线视频| A级毛片高清免费视频就| 久久国产高潮流白浆免费观看| 成年看免费观看视频拍拍| 91视频免费观看网站| 中文字幕波多野不卡一区| 亚洲国产精品VA在线看黑人| 天堂成人在线| 亚洲 欧美 日韩综合一区| 真实国产精品vr专区| 99久久99这里只有免费的精品| 中文天堂在线视频| 欧美日本二区| 国产精品99r8在线观看| yy6080理论大片一级久久| 亚洲综合网在线观看| 成年人午夜免费视频| 欧美另类图片视频无弹跳第一页| 亚洲三级成人| 欧美成人手机在线观看网址| 奇米精品一区二区三区在线观看| 国产亚洲精品无码专| 国产一区二区三区日韩精品 | 国产精品乱偷免费视频| 欧美性猛交一区二区三区|