呂 磊 張忠培
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多輸入多輸出廣播信道下基于有限反饋的最大輸出SINR線性天線合并算法
呂 磊*張忠培
(電子科技大學通信抗干擾國家級重點實驗室 成都 611731)
在基于有限反饋的多天線MIMO廣播信道下,由信道量化誤差帶來的多用戶干擾(MUI)會嚴重地降低系統性能。天線合并技術可以利用多接收天線提供的多維自由度有效地改善系統性能。該文針對最近被證明為最優的反饋資源分配策略,設計了一種線性天線合并算法,該算法在提高反饋精度和增強期望信號增益之間做出合理的折中,可使期望輸出信噪干擾比(SINR)最大化。首先導出了線性合并器期望輸出SINR的下界閉合表達式,然后利用這個表達式得到使輸出SINR最大化的線性合并器。仿真表明該線性合并算法與已有算法相比具有明顯的性能提升。
多輸入多輸出;線性天線合并器;最大信噪干擾比;迫零波束形成;有限反饋

在實際商用的閉環MIMO系統中,用來進行用戶信道信息反饋的上行信道資源往往是固定有限的,而把這些固定的反饋資源分配給大量用戶來獲得多用戶分集增益還是分配給少量用戶來獲得更高的反饋精度是兩種不同的反饋資源分配策略。最近有文獻研究表明,即使對一個有大量用戶存在的MIMO廣播系統來說,把固定的反饋資源分配給少量用戶以提高反饋精度是更好的反饋資源分配策略[17]。基于這樣一個少量用戶反饋的應用場景,本文提出了一種以最大化合并輸出SINR為目標的天線合并算法。雖然本文提出的線性合并器的設計目標也是最大化SINR,但是與現有方案的區別主要體現在兩個方面:第一,本文提出的線性合并器是基于有限反饋設計的;第二,由于本文提出的線性合并器不依賴用戶調度,所以在設計的過程中考慮了不同用戶量化信道的非正交性帶來的額外的MUI。首先,分析給出了線性天線合并器輸出SINR期望值的下界閉合表達式;然后,利用這個表達式得到了最大化合并輸出SINR的天線合并算法。仿真表明本文提出的天線合并算法較現有的算法有明顯的性能提升,而且隨著反饋量或者接收天線數的增加,本文提出的天線合并算法會獲得更高的性能增益。

假設發射端使用迫零波束形成(ZFBF)[18]來消除MUI。首先發射端計算矩陣偽逆:



這里需要說明的是,由于發射端獲得的信道信息是有量化誤差的,MUI無法被完全消除。












結合式(6),式(11),式(14)和詹森不等式,可以求得天線合并器輸出SINR期望值下界的閉式解:




且



而根據式(15),其合并后SINR期望值的估計下界為

利用式(19),可以計算天線合并后整個系統的容量:




在有限反饋閉環MIMO廣播信道中,將有限的反饋資源分配給少量的用戶被證明是一種更優的反饋資源分配策略。本文結合這種反饋資源分配策略,設計了一種接收端天線合并算法。該天線合并算法以最大化輸出SINR為設計目標,使得天線合并器能夠在提高期望信號強度和提高信道量化精度之間做出合理的折中。蒙特卡洛仿真表明,本文提出的天線合并算法較現有的算法有明顯的性能提升,并且其性能優勢隨著反饋量或者接收天線數的增加而變大。

圖1 MSLC算法下天線合并器輸出平均SINR的仿真結果

圖2 不同SNR下MSLC與現有天線合并算法的性能比較

圖3 不同反饋量下MSLC與現有天線合并算法的性能比較
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呂 磊: 男,1982年生,博士生,研究方向為MIMO系統有限反饋預編碼技術.
張忠培: 男,1967年生, 教授, 博士生導師,研究方向為移動通信及抗干擾通信.
Limited Feedback-based Maximum SINR Linear AntennaCombiner for MIMO Broadcast Channels
Lü Lei Zhang Zhong-pei
(,,611731,)
MultiUser Interference (MUI) caused by channel quantization error degrades the performance of the limited feedback-based multiuser Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems. Antenna combining techniques can effectively improve the system performance with the additional dimension of freedom. In this paper, a linear antenna combiner is proposed for the feedback overhead allocation strategy which is proved to be the optimal scheme. First, the closed-form lower bound of each user’s expected post-combining Signal-to-Interference- plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) is derived. Then, using this bound expression, the proposed combiner is obtained which aims to maximize the expected post-combining SINR. Monte Carlo simulations show that the proposed combiner achieves better performance compared with the existing antenna combining algorithms.
MIMO; Linear antenna combiner; Maximum SINR; Zero-forcing beamforming; Limited feedback
TN914
A
1009-5896(2014)06-1460-05
10.3724/SP.J.1146.2013.01307
呂磊 lvlei@uestc.edu.cn
2013-08-28收到,2013-11-22改回
國家科技重大專項(2012ZX03001027-003),國家自然科學基金(61101092)和中央高校基本科研業務費專項資金(ZYGX2010J010)資助課題