摘要:通過(guò)分析農(nóng)村電子政務(wù)功能與建設(shè)的現(xiàn)實(shí)性,闡述農(nóng)村電子政務(wù)具有提供農(nóng)業(yè)信息、促進(jìn)農(nóng)村基層民主、銜接與協(xié)調(diào)鄉(xiāng)村社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的特有功能。在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出從硬件到平臺(tái)、信息和服務(wù)的農(nóng)村電子政務(wù)建設(shè)內(nèi)容,包括:以設(shè)施為基礎(chǔ),打通電子政務(wù)“最后一公里”;做好頂層設(shè)計(jì),建設(shè)農(nóng)村電子政務(wù)運(yùn)行平臺(tái);強(qiáng)化政務(wù)職能,厘清農(nóng)村電子政務(wù)業(yè)務(wù)范圍;強(qiáng)調(diào)服務(wù)導(dǎo)向,分步推進(jìn)政務(wù)服務(wù)。
關(guān)鍵詞:農(nóng)村;電子政務(wù);政務(wù)職能
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):F204 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):0439-8114(2013)21-5354-04
Studies on the Role and Construction of Rural E-Government
XIA Lu
(School of Management, Hubei University of Technology/Rural Social Management Innovation Research Center of Hubei Province,
Wuhan 430068,China)
Abstract: Through analyzing the functions of and the realizability of the construction of rural E-Government, the specific functions of providing agricultural information, promoting democracy at the grass-roots level and coordinating economic development of rural society were demonstrated. Based on this, the construction content of E-Government was put forward from the hardware, the platform, the information to the service, including opening up the last door of E-Government on the basis of facilities, making the top-level design, constructing the electronic platform of rural government affairs, strengthening government function, defining rural E-Government service scope and emphasizing the service-oriented work so as to promote E-Government service step by step.
Key words: rural areas; E-Government; administrative functions
1 農(nóng)村電子政務(wù)現(xiàn)狀
據(jù)2010年第六次中國(guó)人口普查資料,中國(guó)農(nóng)村人口6.7億,占總?cè)丝跀?shù)的50.32%;農(nóng)村占地面積遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于城市,占國(guó)土面積的94.8%。農(nóng)村行政村大多區(qū)域廣闊,被大量山川河流分割,農(nóng)村人口居住相對(duì)分散,生活物理距離遠(yuǎn)、地理環(huán)境迥異,且農(nóng)村各地經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施條件,農(nóng)民素養(yǎng)及接受能力差異大,客觀(guān)上需要有針對(duì)性、有地域特色的農(nóng)村電子政務(wù)的暢通信息和便捷的基層公共服務(wù)來(lái)彌補(bǔ)農(nóng)村資源分散的缺陷。
然而,中國(guó)農(nóng)村電子政務(wù)除東部少數(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)外,大部分農(nóng)村信息化處于電子政務(wù)的邊緣。表現(xiàn)為:①硬件設(shè)施建設(shè)落后。電子政務(wù)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和信息接入點(diǎn)建設(shè)不足,雖然政府為改善農(nóng)村信息基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施狀況采取了一些措施,硬件建設(shè)得到了改觀(guān),但是農(nóng)民獲取信息仍然難度大、費(fèi)用高;②農(nóng)村信息資源貧乏。在網(wǎng)站的總數(shù)中,農(nóng)業(yè)網(wǎng)站及鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)農(nóng)村網(wǎng)站所占的比例非常小,全國(guó)3.4萬(wàn)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)中,有獨(dú)立政府域名的不到10%,各種農(nóng)業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)信息分散、內(nèi)容不充分、更新不及時(shí)、數(shù)據(jù)重復(fù)率高,甚至登錄不上[1];……