摘要:為了更有效地分析我國自然保護(hù)區(qū)管理的有效性,特從管理措施、保護(hù)效果、社會影響等不同角度進(jìn)行分析,并以黃河三角洲、輝河、圖牧吉、寶天曼這4個(gè)國家級自然保護(hù)區(qū)為例,采用改進(jìn)層次分析法同時(shí)配以不同權(quán)重的方式來評價(jià)保護(hù)區(qū)的管理效果。在評價(jià)算法方面通過研究層次分析法與模糊層次分析法一致互反判斷矩陣與模糊互補(bǔ)判斷矩陣的轉(zhuǎn)換關(guān)系,給出把一致互反矩陣轉(zhuǎn)換成模糊互補(bǔ)判斷矩陣的方法并提出了一種介于層次分析法與模糊層次分析法之間的新的層次分析方法,這種方法簡化了層次分析法的計(jì)算。
關(guān)鍵詞:評價(jià)平臺;管理有效性;自然保護(hù)區(qū);層次分析法;模糊層次分析法
中圖分類號:S759.9 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A 文章編號:0439-8114(2013)21-5334-05
Nature Reserve Management Assessment Platform Based on Improved Hierarchy Structure
WANG Hong-po1,ZHOU Hong1,LIU Tong-hai1,2,YE Sheng-xing2,3
(1. Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China;
2. Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
3.Institute of Ecology, Chinese Research Academy Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012, China)
Abstract: In order to analyze the effectiveness of the management of nature reserves in China, taking the Yellow River Delta Nature Reserve, Huihe Nature Reserve, Tumuji Nature Reserve, Baotianman Nature Reserve as examples, the management effectiveness of nature reserves were evaluated from the factors of management measures, protective effect and social impact by using the analytic hierarchy process together with the different weights. Assessment platform had the target layer, criteria layer and index layer. Decision matrixes for each layer were constructed based on expert scoring. Then the normalized row vector of judgment matrix after the arithmetic meaning was the value of weights. For the evaluation algorithm, through the study of judgment matrices in AHP and fuzzy judgment matrices in FAHP, the method that the judgment matrices in AHP transformed to judgment matrices in FAHP was given and a new analytic hierarchy process between AHP and FAHP was proposed. This method simplified the calculation of AHP.
Key words: assessment platform; management effectiveness; nature reserve; analytic hierarchy process; fuzzy analytic hierarchy process
世界性的環(huán)境問題日益嚴(yán)重,自然保護(hù)區(qū)的建立也越來越受到重視[1]。目前自然保護(hù)區(qū)在保護(hù)自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)類型、野生動物、高等植物、重要自然遺跡、天然濕地和優(yōu)質(zhì)森林等方面發(fā)揮了重要作用[2,3]。自然保護(hù)區(qū)的建立對物種多樣性的保護(hù)、生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡、人與自然的和諧相處有重要意義,對科學(xué)研究也有重要的幫助[4,5]。雖然自然保護(hù)區(qū)的建立對物種的保護(hù)起到了一定的作用,但是距離預(yù)定的目標(biāo)仍有很大的差距,因?yàn)槟壳氨Wo(hù)區(qū)的狀況不容樂觀,中國的自然保護(hù)區(qū)仍缺乏有效的管理方案,多種計(jì)劃并不能被順利實(shí)施[6]。
在決策分析中層次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)常被采用[7],該分析法為研究對象建立分層結(jié)構(gòu),通過元素間兩兩比較重要性構(gòu)造判斷矩陣,層次排序等步驟計(jì)算各層要素相對于總目標(biāo)的合成權(quán)重,從而得出各個(gè)方案的綜合排序[8-10]。……