摘要:以莖瘤芥(Brassica juncea Coss. var. tumida Tsen et Lee)黑斑病病株為試材,對黑斑病菌5.8 S rDNA及其側翼ITS區序列進行克隆、測序和比對分析。結果表明,5個供試病菌堿基序列同蕓薹鏈格孢的堿基序列相似度達到99.68%,不存在大于3 bp的堿基差異;而與甘藍鏈格孢和蘿卜鏈格孢的堿基差異較明顯,均存在大于3 bp的堿基差異,且存在大量的缺失片段。初步確定引起莖瘤芥黑斑病的病原菌為蕓薹鏈格孢。
關鍵詞:莖瘤芥(Brassica juncea Coss. var. tumida Tsen et Lee);黑斑病;ITS;蕓薹鏈格孢
中圖分類號:S436.3 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:0439-8114(2013)20-5044-03
Sequence Analysis of ITS Region of rDNA of Brassica juncea Coss. var. tumida Tsen et Lee Black Spot Disease
LIU Hong-fang,CHEN Fa-bo,YANG Yong-qiang
(Life Science and Technology Institute, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100,China)
Abstract:Taking Brassica juncea Coss. var. tumida Tsen et Lee black spot disease as materials, 5.8 S rDNA and its flanking ITS were cloned, sequenced and aligned. The results showed that the sequence of 5 pathogen were almost identical with that of Alternaria brassicae. Similarity degree reached 99.68%. There was no differences more than 3 bp base. There were obvious differences between the sequence of A. brassicicola and A. japonica, more than 3 bp different base and a lot of deletions. It was prelimiarily dertermined that the pathogen caused the black spot disease on Brassica juncea Coss. var. tumida Tsen et Lee was Alternaria brassicae.
Key words: Brassica juncea Coss. var. tumida Tsen et Lee; black spot disease; ITS; Alternaria brassicae
莖瘤芥(Brassica juncea Coss. var. tumida Tsen et Lee)是我國特有的作物資源,榨菜是利用其瘤莖為原料,經過專門的加工腌制而成的一種腌菜食品。在我國以“涪陵榨菜”最為著名,與歐洲酸菜、日本醬菜并稱世界三大名腌菜[1]。榨菜是重慶三峽庫區重要的農業支柱產業之一,是當地農業生產的主要經濟來源。黑斑病是莖瘤芥的主要病害之一,發生普遍,主要發生在莖瘤芥的莖和葉片上,此病發生后蔓延迅速,可導致莖瘤芥葉片枯死,植株早衰,甚至腐爛,嚴重影響莖瘤芥的產量和品質。
研究表明,引起十字花科蔬菜黑斑病的病原菌包括蕓薹鏈格孢(Alternaria brassicae)、甘藍鏈格孢(A. brassicicola)和蘿卜鏈格孢(A. japonica)[2]。鏈格孢屬內不同種之間培養性狀不穩定,且高度相似和重疊,在實際操作中用傳統方法很難鑒定到種的水平[3]。Jasalavich等[4]對十字花科蔬菜上的鏈格孢屬真菌核糖體DNA序列進行分析比較,認為可以基于其進行分類鑒定。目前,關于莖瘤芥黑斑病的研究鮮見報道。本試驗以我國莖瘤芥主產區涪陵5個不同種植區的莖瘤芥黑斑病病株為試材,通過對莖瘤芥黑斑病菌rDNA ITS序列進行分析,探索基于該區進行莖瘤芥黑斑病菌種水平上分類鑒定的可靠性,以期為該病的進一步研究提供理論依據。……