摘 要: 設(shè)計方案以MSP430單片機(jī)為系統(tǒng)的控制核心,采用反射式光電傳感器模塊尋跡,實現(xiàn)智能小車的自動尋跡行駛。在實驗中采用與白色相差很大的黑色引導(dǎo)線作為智能小車的既定路線,系統(tǒng)驅(qū)動采用控制方式為PWM的直流電機(jī)。詳細(xì)介紹了反射式光電傳感器尋跡模塊的工作原理,尋跡模塊的電路圖以及在以MSP430單片機(jī)為控制核心的基礎(chǔ)上如何實現(xiàn)智能尋跡小車的自動尋跡行駛。并簡要介紹了系統(tǒng)的電路圖。該技術(shù)可用于無人生產(chǎn)線、服務(wù)機(jī)器人、倉庫等領(lǐng)域。
關(guān)鍵詞: 智能小車; MSP430; 反射式光電傳感器; PWM
中圖分類號: TN911.7?34 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼: A 文章編號: 1004?373X(2013)13?0105?03
Research on MSP430?based tracing module for smart cars
ZHENG Hui
(College of Electronic Engineering, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China)
Abstract: Smart car automatically tracing traveling is realized by taking MSP430 microcontroller as the control core of the system, and using the reflective photoelectric sensor module for tracing. In the experiment, black guide line far different from white one is taken as the established way for the smart car, DC motor with PWM control is used for system driver. The detail of the work principle of the reflective photoelectric sensor tracing module, the circuit diagram of the tracing module and how to realize the tracing of the car automatically on the basis of taking MSP430 as the control core are given. The circuit diagram of the system is briefly introduced. The technology could be applied in unmanned production line, service robots and warehouse.
Keywords: smart car; MSP430; reflective photoelectric sensor; PWM
0 引 言
智能小車又稱輪式移動機(jī)器人,能夠按預(yù)設(shè)模式在特定環(huán)境中自動移動,無需人工干預(yù),可用于科學(xué)勘測、現(xiàn)代物流等方面。針對路面采用黑色標(biāo)記線條作為路徑引導(dǎo)線的應(yīng)用場合,反射式光電傳感器是常用的路徑識別傳感器。反射式光電傳感器因信號處理方式和物理結(jié)構(gòu)簡單的特點而被廣泛應(yīng)用于結(jié)構(gòu)化環(huán)境和低成本產(chǎn)品中,雖然存在檢測距離近、預(yù)測性差的弱點,但通過合理設(shè)計和選擇反射式光電傳感器并結(jié)合合適的信息處理軟件能夠滿足上述簡單環(huán)境場合應(yīng)用[1]。隨著汽車ECU電子控制的發(fā)展,在汽車上配備遠(yuǎn)程信息處理器,傳感器和接收器,通過這些器件的協(xié)調(diào)控制可以實現(xiàn)汽車的無人駕駛[2]。本文提出基于MSP430單片機(jī)的控制裝置,通過反射式光電傳感器尋跡,MSP430單片機(jī)處理反射式光電傳感器檢測到的信號,從而控制智能車的轉(zhuǎn)向,實現(xiàn)智能小車的自動尋跡。……