摘 要: 提出了一種針對新型無線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)義WirelessHART的低功耗分布式路由算法——DHEIRP(基于多跳的分布式能量迭代路由算法)。采用分布式的路由決策,加快了WirelessHART的網(wǎng)絡(luò)組建和恢復(fù)速度。DHEIRP提出了一種新的能量迭代算法,選取最小跳數(shù)、接收信號強度、節(jié)點電池能量作為參數(shù),能夠最小化網(wǎng)絡(luò)的傳輸消耗并平衡各節(jié)點的能量損耗。將DHEIRP同GBR以及HBRRP等已有算法進(jìn)行了比較,證明DHEIRP在平衡節(jié)點能量和延長網(wǎng)絡(luò)壽命方面有較大的優(yōu)勢。
關(guān)鍵詞: 無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò); WirelessHART; 分布式路由算法; GBR
中圖分類號: TN92?34 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼: A 文章編號: 1004?373X(2013)13?0060?05
Distributed low?power dissipation routing algorithm based on WirelessHART
WANG Yi?neng, ZHANG Sheng, LIN Xiao?kang
(Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)
Abstract: An distributed low?power dissipation routing algorithm for the new wireless sensor network protocol WirelessHART called DHEIRP(distributed hop?based energy iteration routing protocol) is proposed in this paper. As a distributed routing protocol, DHEIRP can accelerate the network construction and recovery rate of WirelessHART. In DHEIRP, an energy iteration algorithm is proposed. Choosing the minimum hop count, RSS(received signal strength) and battery energy level as parameters, this protocol can minimize energy consumption of network transmission and balance energy loss among nodes. The numerical simulations have showed that DHEIRP excels GBR and HBRRP in terms of balancing load of the nodes and extending network lifetime.
Keywords: wireless sensor network; WirelessHART; distributed routing algorithm; GBR
0 引 言
無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的路由協(xié)議設(shè)計是近年來的研究熱點。WSN(無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò))的路由同其他網(wǎng)絡(luò)有許多區(qū)別[1]:由于無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的節(jié)點是由電池供電的,能耗是無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)路由設(shè)計中的重點;由于無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)常用于工業(yè)控制領(lǐng)域,路由算法需要有較好的魯棒性;無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)主要監(jiān)控領(lǐng)域,數(shù)據(jù)流向主要是匯聚式[2]的,即從周圍的Source節(jié)點向中心的Sink節(jié)點;最后,在某些應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域中網(wǎng)絡(luò)的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)不是靜態(tài)的,會不斷的有新節(jié)點的加入和舊節(jié)點的死亡,因此路由協(xié)議需要具有一定的自適應(yīng)能力。
WirelessHART[3]是近年來提出的一種基于已有的HART工業(yè)通信協(xié)議提出的針對工業(yè)控制和設(shè)備監(jiān)控的無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議。其主要的技術(shù)特點是TDMA和跳頻技術(shù),WirelessHART的魯棒性和低功耗也遠(yuǎn)優(yōu)于已有的其他無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議[4]。路由方面,WirelessHART沒有給出路由算法,而是設(shè)定了兩種路由機制。……