英語強調(diào)句的常見類型

高中英語教科書中強調(diào)句出現(xiàn)的特別多，強調(diào)句只是強調(diào)句子的某一成分（通常是主語、賓語、或狀語），人們用強調(diào)句來表達自己的意愿或情感，這個語法知識既是重點又是難點，學生不容易理解和運用強調(diào)句，下面我對這個知識點歸納一下：

1 強調(diào)陳述句：“ It is/was+被強調(diào)部分+that/who+原句其他部分”來強調(diào)說話人的愿意。如：

原句：I met Mr. Zhang in the school library yesterday.

強調(diào)主語：It was I that/who met Mr. Zhang in the school library yesterday.

強調(diào)賓語：It was Mr. Zhang that/whom I met in the school library yesterday.

強調(diào)地點狀語：It was in the school library that I met Mr. Zhang yesterday.

強調(diào)時間狀語：It was yesterday that I met Mr. Zhang in the school library.

注意：

（1）在強調(diào)主語時，that 后的謂語動詞要與被強調(diào)者保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。如：

It is I who am a student.

（2）強調(diào)狀語時，連接詞只能用that，無論被強調(diào)部分是表示地點還是表示時間意義的名詞，都不可以用where或者when。

強調(diào)人時，可以用who/that(在從句中作主語)或whom/that(在從句中作賓語)。

（3）原句的謂語動詞時態(tài)是一般過去時，過去進行時和過去完成時，用It was…，其他時態(tài)用It is…。

（4）對“…not … until… ”這個句型進行強調(diào)時，一般使用“ It is/was …not … until…that…”這一句型進行強調(diào)。如：

原句：My mother didn''t come home until 12 o''clock last night.

強調(diào)句：It was not until 12 o''clock last night that my mother came home.

原句：I didn’t realize she was a famous singer until she took off her dark glasses.

強調(diào)句：It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous singer.

2強調(diào)句的一般疑問句型：”Is/Was+it+被強調(diào)部分+that/who/whom+原句其他部分?”如：

原句：Did you meet Mr. Zhang in the school library yesterday ?

強調(diào)主語：Was it you that/who/ met Mr. Zhang in the school library yesterday ?

強調(diào)賓語：Was it Mr. Zhang that/whom you met in the school library yesterday ?

強調(diào)地點狀語：Was it in the school library that you met Mr. Zhang yesterday?

強調(diào)時間狀語：Was it yesterday that you met Mr. Zhang in the school library?

3強調(diào)句的特殊疑問句型：特殊疑問詞+is/was+it + that…如：

原句：When did he make up his mind to leave his county ？

強調(diào)句：When was it that he made up his mind to leave his county ？

4強調(diào)句的特殊疑問句型如果用在賓語從句時，要把Be動詞和it的順序換成陳述句的順序。如：

原句： I was wondering who would teach us English the next term.。

強調(diào)句：I was wondering who it was that/ who would teach us English the next term

5強調(diào)謂語：It is/was …+that…結構不能強調(diào)謂語，如果要強調(diào)謂語時，用助動詞do，did 或者does放于動詞原形前面。句子可以被翻譯為：務必，的確，確實，一定等等。如：

Do come this evening。

今天晚上務必要來。

6有關強調(diào)句型的一些說明：

（1）強調(diào)句型的結構不難掌握，要想準確地使用它，必須明確一點：去掉It is/was …+that…結構后不會對句子的完整性造成影響。這也是區(qū)分它與其他句子的一個重要標志。

（2）強調(diào)句型容易與主語從句，狀語從句和定語從句混淆。

如： 強調(diào)句型跟It is/was+形容詞+that名詞從句這一句型混淆。如：It is clear (obvious， true， possible， certain....) that ..... 該句型中it 是形式主語，真正的主語是that 引導的主語從句，常譯為”清楚(顯然， 真的， 肯定…)”是主語從句最常見的一種結構。

It is very clear that he’s wrong.

That he’s wrong is very clear.

7特別注意下面兩個句子that和when的用法。

（1）It was Dec.18th when she was born .

(這一句是時間狀語從句)

（2）It was on 18th hat she was born .

(這一句是強調(diào)句)

8補充說明

（1）并不是所有的句子都能用強調(diào)句來強調(diào)，像條件狀語從句，讓步狀語從句以及由as/since引導的原因狀語從句等等就不能用強調(diào)句來強調(diào)。如：If it rains，we will not go out.就不能強調(diào)為：It is If it rains that we will not go out。

（2）我們還可以用形容詞very，only，single，副詞such ever，never，just等來表示強調(diào)。如：

At that very monent he heard a cry for help.

I can neven remember the name of that old friend of mine.

Not a single person has been in the classroom this afternoon．

You are the only person here who can speak French．

This is just what I needed.

（3）用介詞短語 in the world，on earth， at all等等進行強調(diào)。如：

等來加強疑問或否定語氣。如：

Where in the world did you go just now ?

What on earth are you doing?

The boy is not at all fit for the post.

有些還可以用感嘆句，重復，倒裝，破折號，黑體字進行強調(diào)，加強語氣，這里就不一一闡述了。