SCIENTISTS HAVE SUCCESSFULLY DRAWN THE COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE MAP OF CARP

O n May 6th,2011,the reporter learnt from the“carp genome projects”symposium and news conference held in Beijing that Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Aquatic Biology Application Genome Research Center,Heilongjiang Aquatic Product Research Institution and Chinese Academy of Sciences had successfully completed the genome sequencing of carp and drawn the genome framework map of carp,genome physical map and high density chain map through complete genome fowling piece data matching and packaging and many other methods with the carp gynogenesis clones individual that is mostly promoted in China as the sequencing object.It means that China has gained new breakthrough on the large genome sequencing as well as matching and packaging technology with high complexity.

According to Sun Xiaowen,leader of"carp genome project"and chief scientist in the biotechnology field of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,carp breeding has thousands of years history.With long-period natural differentiation,artificial cultivation and breeding,many endemic populations and breeds with or without scales have formed,which have varied forms and rich body color,and have strong adaptability to the special environment,thus making China become the country with the richest carp germ plasm resource and genome resource in the world.Carp not only has the riches and honor,luck,happiness and other symbolic meanings,but is also the most important aquaculture category in China.The annual output of cyprinid fish represented by carp accounts for more than 70%of the total output of freshwater aquiculture.

Therefore,carp is the aquaculture species in China that has the most beneficial conditions to conduct breed improvement with genome resources in the development process of modern agriculture breeding technology characterized by improving the flora and fauna economic characters with genome resources.

Experts said to the reporter that the completion of complete genome sequencing map could provide the technological platform for exploring the important functional genes in batches related to the growth,development,stress resistance and other performances of carp,analyzing the important economic characters,and conducting complete genome level molecular breeding research and species evolution and other fundamental researches,provide necessary technology support for the research and development of rapid cultivation,disease control,nutrition and food safety and other aspects of improved carp varieties,and had great importance on expounding the species evolution and variety differentiation of cyprinid fish.

It is reported that the research results issued this time were conductive to promote the careful study of carp economic characters genetic mechanism and functional genes levelly started in the genome.Once we completely mastered all the genes of carp economic characters,we could breed new carp species that have good fleshy quality and few bones,and are welcomed by people,thus promoting Chinese breeding technology and cultivation of carps and related cyprinid fish to develop better and faster.

It is reported that carp genome data resources have been shared in all institutions of Chinese Academy of Fishery Science as well as the industrial special undertaking units of“molecule breeding similarity technological platform”led by Chinese Academy of Fishery Science,and the data sharing will be conducted within the newly-started “863”plan and“carp and grass carp functional genome research and application”project.