漫話初中英語詞匯教法

中圖分類號：H31文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1008-925X（2010）12-0073-02

摘要：教學有法，但無定法，務必得法。這里談談初中英語詞匯的做法。

關鍵詞：英語 詞匯 教法

教學有法，但無定法，務必得法。這里談談初中英語詞匯的做法。

1、繪畫描述法

利用簡筆畫進行詞匯教學是十分有效的方法，它不但能吸引學生的注意力，產生極為深刻的印象，而且能啟發學生用英語積極思維，取得良好的教學效果。例如： 教elephant時，可以說：Boys and girls，I’m going to draw an elephant on the blakbord．Yes，all elephant．elephmlt．Look。I’ve drawn a picture of an elephalat．Now，read after me：elephant.

2、舊詞引導法

利用學生學過的舊詞引導出新詞，這種方法能夠建立起舊詞與新詞的聯系，因此產生出良好的教學效果。例如：

Mell：We usually have breakfast at seven in the moruing. and have lunch at noon. and have Supper at six in the afternoon．So we have three meals a day．Breakfast is the first meal．1unch is the second me'at．and supper is the last meal of a day．

On time：If the meeting begins at nine o’clock ill the moruing．And Tom comes at eight．He is early．If mary conies at ten，She is late for tile meeting．If Green eonles at nine o’clok． He is on time．We shotcld come to schoold mid come to a meeting on time．

Autumn：There al'e four seasons in a year：spring ia the first season．It comes before summer．Summer is the second season．It comes after spring．The third season is autumn．Autumn comes after summer．Autumn comes before winter．

3、詞義對比法

利用同義詞代換的方法去講解詞義能收到良好的效果。例如：

Little：The word“little”means slnalI．We may sav：a little dog，a little boy，a pretty little girl．Jack is a little mall with a little mind．

Reply：The verb“reply”means“answer”．We may say：allswer a question，but we must say：reply to a question e.g：Whtn is Torn doing?Tom is now answering a letter．We nlay also save：Tom is now replying to a letter．

Fear：the verb“fear”mealm“he afraid 0f’．We mav say：I fear (that)I am late．We may also say：I'm afraid(that)I anl leat．Seek：The verb“seek”means“look for”．e.g：He went out，t0 seek for a job．The sentence naeams：He went Out to look for a job．

用反義詞對比否定的方法也同樣能收到很好的效果。例如：

Shallow：“Shallow”is not deep．“Shallow”is the opposite to“deep”．If a river is only foot deep．We say：The river is sshallow. It is not deep．

Ugly：Ugly means not at all good-looking．Ugly is the oppo-

site to“pretty”，“beautiful”?！癵ood—looking\"，If a person，an ani-

real is ugly．no one wants to look at him or at it. If a person is

not ugly，if he is halldsome，it is pleasant to look at him．

4、定義釋義法

對生詞的釋義一般先指出事物的類性，再進一步說明其特點、功能等。例如：

Shop：What is a shop?A shop is a house or a building，where we Call buy various things．

Library：Wt，at is a library?A library is a building wherepople can borrow and read books，newspapers and magazines．

Curtain：What does the word“eurtion”mean?A curtain is apiece of cloth wlfich hangs down to cover a window．

Cool：wMt does the word“coot”mean?“cool”means not warm，but not chilly or cold．

定義釋義法解釋名詞詞義是很方便的。如：

Holiday：A holiday is a day for rest from work．On holidays

people may have a rest end needn’t go to work．

Author：An author is the mail who wrote a book for reading．An author is the writer of a book．

給一個詞下定義，應注意其科學性和準確性。最好是先查閱英語詞典，然后對個別學生難以理解詞句進行適當簡化，使學生易懂易學。

5、語境襯托法

即充分運用學生學過的語言材料，調動學生的思維能力和想象力去理解單詞的含義。例如，教生詞hungry時，可以說：

This nmrning Tom has not taken his breakfast．He hasn’t got anything to eat．He hasn’t got anything for food or drink．His stomach is empty．So he is hungry now．He feels hungry．He wants very much to get something to eat and to drink．Do you know what tile word“hungry”mean?Oh。yes．Now please read it after nle；“hungry”“hungry”…

教thirstry時，可以說“Mary has drunk a lot of water．so

she is not thirsty．She doesn’t whnt to drink Tom has drunk much rea．and he doesn’t need to drink now．Because he isn’t thirsty．Buj John hasn't drunk any water or tea for a log time，so lle wallts to drink very much．He is thirsty．If one hasn’t drtlnk water for a long time，he will be thirsty．Now，please guess wimt the word thirstv tileall?”

又如，教think時可以配以手勢這樣說“I see．with my eyes，l hear witll my ears．I eat and drink with my mouth．I walk with my legs．I write with my hand．And I think with my head．What does the word“think”mean?

從表面上看來，似乎用語境襯托法教單詞是繞了個大圈子，耽擱了時間。但是這樣做不但培養了學生的聽力，加強了課堂英語氣氛，而且提供了大量的機會復習學過的語言材料，鞏固詞匯和句型，還能鍛煉學生的英語思維能力，克服漢語的干擾作用，所以其積極作用是十分明顯的。

6、動作演示法

在教動詞時，教師可以借助動作、造型、表演、表情、發聲、模仿等形體手段進行動作演示。例如教write時。教師要做寫的動作：look!This is a pen．I have a pen in my hand．Now．I write some letters on the paper with the pen．I nse my pen to write every day．Now，read after me：“write”，“write”…教sieep，go．run hold，climb等動詞都可以借助動作、造型。教smileiweep，lister to，look at等都可以進行表演。教cry，shout，sob whisper等都可以進行模仿發聲等?？傊脛幼鞅硌萁忉寗釉~詞義是十分有效、又很便捷的教學方法。