院士風采

院士風采

李國平

1910.11.15～1996.2.8

數學家。廣東豐順人。1933年畢業于中山大學。1934年至1936年在日本東京帝國大學研讀，1937年至1939年任中華教育文化基金研究員。1940年后相繼任武漢大學教授，中國科學院武漢數學物理研究所所長、名譽所長。主要從事函數論、數學物理等方面的教學和研究工作。在半純函數、唯一性問題、有理函數表寫問題、整函數理論應用、解析函數逼近、數學物理與系統科學等研究中獲多項突出成就。在函數論研究方面取得一系列突出成果。在發展中國教育事業、培養科學人才方面作出了重要貢獻。

1955年被選聘為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Mathematician. Born in Fengshun, Guangdong Province. Gradauted from Zhongshan University in 1933. Studied in Tokyo Imperial University from 1934 to 1936. Research professor, China Foundation for the Promotion of Education and Culture from 1937 to 1939, professor, Wuhan University, and director and honorary director, Wuhan Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Li has been chiefly engaged in the education and research of function theory, mathematical physics and has obtained many important achievements in meromorphic function, uniqueness problem, series of rational functions, application of integral function theory, approximation of analytic function, mathematical physics and systems science. In the field of function theory, he has attained a series of extraordenary accomplishments. He also made important contributions in fostering scientefic figures.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

蘇步青

1902.9.23～2003.3.17

數學家。浙江平陽人。1927年畢業于日本東北帝國大學，1931年獲該校理學博士學位。1948年當選為中央研究院院士。復旦大學教授、校長、名譽校長。主要從事微分幾何和計算幾何學等方面的研究、教學和教育領導工作，被譽為“東方第一幾何學家”。早期在仿射微分幾何學和射影微分幾何學研究方面取得出色成果；其后在一般空間微分幾何學、高維空間共軛網理論、幾何外形設計、計算機輔助幾何設計等方面取得突出成就。在中國發展教育事業、培養科學人才方面作出了重要貢獻。

1955年被選聘為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Mathematician. Born in Pingyang, Zhejiang Province. Graduated from Northeast Imperial University, Japan in 1927 and received Ph.D. from the University in 1931. Elected academician of the Central Academy of Sciences in 1948. President, honorary prdsident and professor, Fuand University.

Su has been engaged in the research, teaching and education in differential geometry and computational geometry and is entitled as the “First Geometer in Oriental”. In his early years, he made excellent projective differential geometry. He botained extraordinary achievements in general space differential geometry, conjugate net theory in higher dimensional space and computer aided geometry design. He also made singificant contributions in developing education and training scientific figures.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

嚴濟慈

1901.1.23～1996.11.2

物理學家。浙江東陽人。1923年畢業于南京高等師范學校和東南大學。1925年獲法國巴黎大學碩士學位，1927年獲法國國家科學博士學位。1948年當選為中央研究院院士。中國科學院學部主席團名譽主席，中國科技大學教授、校長、名譽校長。中國現代物理學研究的開創人之一。精確測定了居里壓電效應“反現象”，發現光雙折射效應；系統研究了水晶圓柱體施加扭力起電現象，發現水晶扭電定律；深入研究了堿金屬蒸氣等光譜，發現軸向對稱分子有效截面數值和費米—萊因斯伯格方程不符，并為原子物理學中的斯塔克效應等提供了豐富的實驗證明；精確測定了臭氧紫外吸收系數，被世界各國氣象學家用來觀測高空臭氧層的變化達30年之久；研究壓力對照相乳膠感光性能的影響，發現壓力能減弱乳膠感光性能；抗戰期間在昆明領導開展應用光學研究，研制成大批軍用、醫用光學儀器設備。在中國科學事業的組織領導、中國教育事業的發展等方面作出了重要貢獻。

1955年被選聘為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Physicist. Born in Dongyang, Zhejiang Province. Graduated from Nanjing College and Southeast University in 1923. Received MS from Paris University, France in 1925 and French national doctor of science in 1927. Elected academician of the Central Academy of Sciences in 1948. Honorary president, Presidium of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and professor, president and honorary president, University of Science and Technology of China.

Yan is one of the founders of modern physics research in China. He precisely determined the “Adverse Phenomena” of the Curie piezoelectric effedt and discovered the dual –refraction effect of light. He tackled and examined systematically the electrification phenomena of the crystal cylinder under torsion, established the crystal torsion-electricity principle, carried out deepgoing investigation on the spectrum of alkaline metal vapor, etc.. and discolsed the axis-symmetric molecular effective cross-section value different from that of the Fermi-Linesburg Epuation, providing abundant experimental evidences for the Stack effect in atomic physics. He also precisely edtermined the ultra-violet absorbing coefficient of ozone, which was used for over 30years for observing the varation of the ozonosphere depth by meteorologists from all over the world. In his study on the influence of pressure on the light-sensitivity of photoemulsion, he found that pressure turns out tu weaken emulsion’s sensitivity. During the Anti-Japanese War, he was in charge of the applied optics study and developed a large number of military and medical optical equipment.He has also made important contributions to the management and coordination of Chinese scientific affairs and the development of Chinese education.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

吳有訓

1897～1977.11.30

物理學家。江西高安人。1920年畢業于南京高等師范學校。1926年獲美國芝加哥大學物理學博士學位。1948年當選為中央研究院院士、評議員。中國科學院副院長、研究員。主要從事近代物理學特別是X射線散射光譜方面的研究、教學以及教育與科學組織領導工作，是中國開展近代物理學實驗研究的先驅者和奠基人之一。20年代在康普頓的X射線散射實驗研究中完成一系列重要實驗工作，為康普頓效應的確立和公認做了大量出色工作。為推進中國教育、科學事業的發展作出了重要貢獻。

1955年被選聘為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Physicis. Born in Gaoan, Jiangxi Province. Graduatd from Nanjing Advanced Normal Collage in 1920. Received doctor of physics from Chicago University, USA in 1926. Elected academician and appraiser of the Central Academy of Sciences in 1948. Research professor and vice president, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Wu took part in the research and education of modern physics, especially in the field of X-ray scattering spectroscopy. He was one of the pioneers and founders of Chinese modern physics. In the 1920s, he completed a series of important investigations in Compton’s experiments on X-ray scattering, and made outstanding contributions to the general acceptance of the Compton effect. He also devoted himself to the promotion of education and scientific research in China, to which he made significant contributions.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy fo Sciences in 1955.