摘 要:為了抑制CCD圖像傳感器在強光照射時出現(xiàn)光暈和彌散現(xiàn)象,建立了CCD縱向抗暈結構模型,運用半導體器件數(shù)值模擬軟件MEDICI,對建立的縱向抗暈CCD器件結構進行數(shù)值計算。結果表明:1PW層雜質濃度越低,電勢越高,則電子勢壘越低,則導入襯底的過量載流子越多,對應的抗暈能力越強。得到了CCD縱向抗暈結構的一種優(yōu)化結構。關鍵詞:CCD; 光暈; 縱向抗暈; 器件仿真
中圖分類號:TN915.43-34; TP212 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1004-373X(2010)16-0172-03
Design and Optimization of CCD Image Sensor with Vertical Anti-blooming Structure
WU Li-fan
(Xi’an University of Post Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121,China)
Abstract:A model of CCD vertical anti-blooming structure is proposed to eliminate blooming and smear of CCD image sensor in bright light. MEDICI is a semiconductor device numerical simulation software which can be used to compute the value of established CCD vertical anti-blooming structure. Results show that anti-blooming has an increased performance, because that the electronic potential barrier is lower and the more excess carriers are imported into the substrate following the declining of the 1PW impurity concentration. An optimum structure is obtained.
Keywords: CCD;blooming; vertical anti-blooming; device simulation
0 引 言
近年來,CCD固體圖像傳感器已被廣泛應用于軍事、天文物理、工業(yè)檢測和監(jiān)控及醫(yī)學診斷等領域,CCD攝像器件攝取的目標圖像,光強從月光到日光,且變化的動態(tài)范圍大,這就要求CCD既有高靈敏度響應,又要在日照強光下攝取的圖像清晰。但是,CCD攝像器件在強光照射時會出現(xiàn)光暈(blooming)和拖影(smear)現(xiàn)象,而對于固體攝像器件,這些現(xiàn)象會嚴重影響到CCD的成像質量和清晰度,這就要求CCD在強光照時具有抗暈能力。
光暈就是圖像中存在亮點,在顯示屏上出現(xiàn)一個白色區(qū)域向周圍擴展,從而出現(xiàn)柱狀或線狀白道的現(xiàn)象,這種現(xiàn)象如圖1所示。就CCD攝像器件而言,當強光照時,積分期結束前,光敏單元的勢阱已是滿阱,即達到飽和狀態(tài),這時強光照而產生的過量電子,因超過信號處理能力就要溢出到鄰近勢阱,這時圖像中出現(xiàn)一個白色區(qū)域向周圍擴散。本文對CCD縱向抗暈結構,運用半導體器件二維數(shù)值模擬軟件MEDICI進行數(shù)值模擬計算,對不同參數(shù)的縱向抗暈數(shù)值運算模型進行了比較和分析,得到了此結構下工藝參數(shù)的初步優(yōu)化結果?!?br>