摘 要:雷電浪涌是雷電對(duì)電子系統(tǒng)的一種重要的作用形式。雷電對(duì)電子系統(tǒng)的影響主要表現(xiàn)在對(duì)電源電路的浪涌破壞和干擾上。為研究雷電浪涌對(duì)電源的沖擊效應(yīng),進(jìn)行了雷電浪涌對(duì)直流電源的沖擊實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,雷電浪涌對(duì)直流電源有很大的干擾作用,可使電源產(chǎn)生大的波動(dòng)或高頻噪聲。在雷電流涌沖擊實(shí)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)直流電源進(jìn)行了加固實(shí)驗(yàn),并取得了良好的效果。關(guān)鍵詞:雷電浪涌; 電源; 沖擊效應(yīng); 防護(hù)
中圖分類號(hào):TN86-34文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A
文章編號(hào):1004-373X(2010)16-0192-03
Study on Effects of Thunder Surge on Power Supply and Hardening of Power Supply
HOU Min-sheng, CHEN Duan-yang, ZHU Ying
(Beijing Research Center of Aeronautical Technology, Beijing 100076, China)
Abstract: Thunder surge is an important form that the thunder acts on electronic systems. The effects of the lightning on electronic systems are the surge destruction and interference to power supply. In order to study the striking effects of thunder surge on power supply, the striking experiments on power supply were carried out. The experiments show that thunder surge has a strong interference effect on the power supply, and can generate a distinct fluctuation or high-frequency noise. Based on the experiments, the hardening experiments for the DC power supply were made, and a good result was obtained.
Keywords: thunder surge; power supply; striking effect; protection
0 引 言
雷電是一種常見的自然現(xiàn)象。雷電通過避雷針、避雷帶和避雷網(wǎng)后大約還有30%~50%的雷電流通過電源線或信號(hào)線等進(jìn)入電子系統(tǒng)[1],在電路中形成大的電流或電壓波動(dòng),即雷電浪涌[2]。
據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),電子系統(tǒng)的干擾70%的是從電源線耦合進(jìn)來的[3],雷電對(duì)電子系統(tǒng)的影響也主要表現(xiàn)在對(duì)電源電路的浪涌破壞和干擾上。本文通過雷電浪涌對(duì)直流電源的沖擊實(shí)驗(yàn),研究了雷電浪涌對(duì)直流電源的效應(yīng)及防護(hù)技術(shù)。
1 雷電浪涌沖擊實(shí)驗(yàn)配置
雷電浪涌沖擊實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置主要由浪涌發(fā)生器和被試直流電源組成[4]。實(shí)驗(yàn)采用注入法,將浪涌發(fā)生器產(chǎn)生的雷電浪涌電壓直接輸入到電源的輸入端。
雷電浪涌發(fā)生器采用日產(chǎn)LSG8015,符合IEC61000-4-5標(biāo)準(zhǔn),開路電壓為1.2/50 μs波形,短路電流為8/20 μs波形,允許誤差30%,采用共模、差模2種注入方式,注入相位0~2π連續(xù)可調(diào),浪涌極性可變。
2 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與分析
2.1 一般交流整流濾波電源
實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象為12 V/3 A橋式整流、電容濾波電源,采用220 V/8 V的電源變壓器,次極最大輸出電流為3 A,濾波電容選用2 000 μF/50 V的電解電容,負(fù)載電阻為1 kΩ。……